The influences of propofol and dexmedetomidine on circadian gene expression in rat brain

Changes in the gene expression levels of microRNAs in the rat hippocampus by sevoflurane and propofol anesthesia

“…In a previous genomic study, the inhalation anesthetic sevoflurane affected the expression of 1.5% of genes in various rat organs, as detected using a microarray analysis (7). General anesthesia altered the expression levels of genes involved in circadian rhythms; persistent suppression of several circadian genes was identified following treatment of rats with the inhalation anesthetic sevoflurane (8) and the intravenous anesthetics propofol and dexmedetomidine (9). In a proteomics study, the protein expression in the rat brain was regulated differentially according to the anesthetic agent used: The inhalation anesthetic sevoflurane or the intravenous anesthetic propofol (10).…”

Day-Time Isoflurane Administration Suppresses Circadian Gene Expressions in Both the Brain and a Peripheral Organ, Liver

“…Kobayashi et al (7) showed that the expression of several circadian genes including PER2 (period homolog 2) was suppressed during inhalation of sevoflurane for two hours and six hours in rat whole brain. Yoshida et al (8) found that propofol administration significantly changes the expression of circadian genes in rat whole brain, and the influence of intravenous anaesthesia also persists for 24 hours after awakening from anaesthesia. Cheeseman et al (9) investigated the effect of the time of day of general anaesthesia administration and circadian gene expression profile in the brain of a honeybee (Apis mellifera).…”

Propofol anaesthesia alters the cerebral proteome differently from sevoflurane anaesthesia

“…Eliminating any spots resulting from in-gel trypsin digestion, propofol anaesthesia altered the levels of 39 proteins in the cerebral proteome, with sixteen of these being up-regulated and twenty-three proteins down-regulated. In contrast, sevoflurane anaesthesia altered the levels of 58 procomparison with propofol because it is one of the most commonly used inhaled clinical anaesthetic agents, and we have used it extensively in our previous genomic studies on the effects of anaesthetics on gene expression in the brain (20,37,41). Propofol produces a hypnotic effect by potentiating the gamma-aminobutyric acid-induced chloride current by binding to the beta-subunit of the GABA A receptor (15,32,38).…”

“…A number of genomic studies have been published, and we have shown that general anaesthesia alters gene expression, especially expression of genes involved in circadian rhythms and drug metabolism. For instance, we found persistent suppression of the expression of several genes implicated in circadian rhythms (e.g., Per2, Dbp, Egr1, Krox20 and NGF1-B) following treatment of rats with sevoflurane (20) and propofol or dexmedetomidine (41). We have also reported changes in the expression of drug metabolising enzymes in rats (e.g., Cyp2b15, Por, Nr1i2, Ces2, Ugt1a7, Abcb1a and Abcc2) in response to sevoflurane, isoflurane, propofol, or dexmedetomidine anaesthesia (30,37) The observed changes varied depending on the identity of the anaesthetic used, and also on the mode of administration (inhaled vs. intravenous).…”

“…Preliminary studies were performed to select a dose of propofol that would induce full anaesthesia without causing physiological changes in the brain that may independently cause fluctuations in brain protein expression (6,41). Propofol was infused for 6 h via a tail vein cannula at either 0.6 mg kg −1 min −1 or 1.2 mg kg −1 min…”