The influence ofCalicophoron microbothrium on the susceptibility ofBulinus tropicus toSchistosoma bovis

Southgate, V. R.; Brown, D. S.; Warlow, A.; Knowles, R.; Jones, A.

doi:10.1007/bf00931134

Cited by 47 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…[5][6][7] Additionally, S. bovis is also transmitted by Bulinus forskalii, Bulinus truncatus, 8,9 and, under some circumstances, by Bulinus tropicus. 10,11 Schistosoma haematobium is primarily a parasite of humans and occasionally other primates, including chimpanzees, baboons, and vervet monkeys, 12 whereas S. bovis has been reported in cattle, goats, sheep, and other ruminants, 3 and only very rarely in humans, 12 including cases in Kenya, 13 and elsewhere. 14 The bodies of water that potentially harbor Bulinus and their associated schistosomes are often man-made impoundments or small, seasonal streams or ponds 15 that are used intensively by both humans and livestock, thus bringing together all the required hosts of these schistosomes of the terminal-spined egg group.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

PCR-RFLP analysis of the ITS2 region to identify Schistosoma haematobium and S. bovis from Kenya.

Barber¹,

Mkoji²,

Loker³

2000

The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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Abstract. Schistosoma haematobium, primarily a human parasite, and the closely related Schistosoma bovis from ruminants, are sympatric in many African countries such as Kenya. Because these two species 1) can inhabit the same Bulinus snails, 2) may be found in the same freshwater habitat, and 3) have morphologically similar cercariae, better means are needed to tell them apart. The second internal transcribed spacer (ITS2) region of the ribosomal gene complex (rDNA) of recent Kenyan isolates of both species was sequenced and found to be a 98% match. The S. bovis sequences were nearly identical (99%) to conspecific sequences from Niger; the S. haematobium sequences were nearly identical (99%) to conspecific sequences from Egypt, Mali, and Niger. Restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis of a 480 base pair (bp) PCR product containing the ITS2 region using two restriction enzymes, Taq1 and Sau3A1, yielded species-specific fragment patterns that allowed successful identification of a single S. haematobium cercaria. The protocol outlined here is useful in providing a rapid, one-day identification of S. haematobium (and likely S. bovis) cercariae (the infective larval stage) and/or other life cycle stages in a basic molecular biology laboratory. By helping to determine whether schistosome-infected bulinid snails in a particular body of water are transmitting a human or an animal schistosome, or both, this analysis will aid in disease control and in ongoing epidemiological studies.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

PCR-RFLP analysis of the ITS2 region to identify Schistosoma haematobium and S. bovis from Kenya.

Barber¹,

Mkoji²,

Loker³

2000

The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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“…and F. hepatica might need strong selection process among numerous successive generations of snails, as that suggested by Boray (1969) in his review on fasciolosis for several lymnaeid species. Secondly, a snail co-infection with F. hepatica and another digenean such as a paramphistomid might be necessary to induce and favour larval development of F. hepatica, as demonstrated by Southgate et al (1989) in the model Bulinus globosus-Schistosoma bovis and Abrous et al…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differences in the compatibility of infection between the liver flukes Fascioloides magna and Fasciola hepatica in a Colombian population of the snail Galba sp.

et al. 2014

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This is an author produced version of a paper published in Journal of Helminthology. This paper has been peer-reviewed and is proof-corrected, but does not include the journal pagination. According to Brown (1978) and Mas-Coma et al. (2005), members within this family can sustain larval development of more than 70 different trematodes. As epidemiological studies made on these parasites need the accurate identification of the snail host, several methods using shell morphology and/or the anatomy of the reproductive system have been proposed over the years to classify these lymnaeids (Hubendick, 1951; Burch, 1982).Shell characters have been extensively, and very often exclusively, used to build the systematics of molluscs. Marine shells are diversified and present a very large set of morphological characters, i.e. protoconch structure, teleoconch ornamentation, radula morphology, etc…, that have proved useful in malacological taxonomy. In freshwater pulmonates, these shell characters are for the most part absent and shell shape only has been used to describe new taxa in the last 19 th and 20 th centuries and even sometimes in most recent years. As a result of using shell as diagnostic species character, a plethora of names may be found in the literature on freshwater pulmonates, numerous probably being synonyms. The case of the Lymnaeidae family is caricatural with about 1200 described species and several dozens of genera (Hubendick, 1951; Burch, 1982), whereas recent studies suggested that the family contained approximately 100 species (Strong et al., 2008; Jarne et al., 2010).The classification systems based on morphological characters of shell shape have rapidly generated a controversy because lymnaeids exhibited a great diversity in shell morphology linked to substantial ecophenotypic plasticity (Samadi et al., 2000; Hurtrez-Boussès et al., 2005;Schniebs et al., 2011). It is accepted that anatomical characteristics of the snail's reproductive system are more homogeneous (Pointier et al., 2009; Correa et al., 2011), but only DNA-based analyses, i.e. phylogeny and barcoding, developed from the 2000s could effectively solve this taxonomic problem. As these last analyses allowed to ascribe individuals to one species or another, several new species such as Lymnaea neotropica (Bargues et al., 2007), Galba sp. (Correa et al., 2010(Correa et al., , 2011 or Lymnaea schirazensis (Bargues et al., 2011) have been recognized and/or described.The conchological characteristics of Galba sp. correspond to that of several dozens of taxa reported in North America, presumably the geographic origin of this small-shelled species clade (see Hubendick, 1951; Burch, 1982; Correa et al., 2010; Johnson et al., 2013). This snail was arbitrarily identified by Bargues et al. (2011) et al., 2011). These two studies (Bargues et al., 2011, and Correa et al., 2011) clearly demonstrated that this taxon is an overlooked highly invasive species.The snail Galba sp. has apparently a worldwide distribution (Correa et al., 2010(Cor...

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“…It must be emphasized that a nucleated cell layer of parasite origin never occurs outside the syncytial tegument of any sporocysts or redia when these occur in the molluscan tissue. The cell layer (primitive epithelium) which surrounds developing daughter sporocysts disappears before these leave the mother sporocysts (Meuleman et al, 1980;Southgate et al, 1989;Joubert et al, 1991;Souza et al, 1995;Lemos, 1999).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Histopathological study on susceptible and resistant Bulinus truncatus snails to infection with Schistosoma haematobium

Saad¹,

Gawish²,

El-Einin³

et al. 2013

Afr. J. Pharm. Pharmacol.

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In this study, the distribution pattern of Schistosoma haematobium miracidia level to host susceptibility/resistance and the basic cellular responses during the parasite development was investigated. Several snail stocks showed a wide spectrum of host reaction to the parasite. A vigorous "resistant-type" cellular response to invading miracidia was seen in the histological sections of non-susceptible snails. In this respect, they were classified as "resistant snails". Bulinus truncatus infected with S. haematobium exhibited a wide range of histopathological change, suggesting the presence of endogenous factors preventing the immune system of susceptible snails from destroying the developed parasite larvae. Therefore, the mechanism underlying the susceptibility of the snails should be investigated by studying the host-parasite interactions by light and electron microscopy.

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The influence ofCalicophoron microbothrium on the susceptibility ofBulinus tropicus toSchistosoma bovis

Cited by 47 publications

References 16 publications

PCR-RFLP analysis of the ITS2 region to identify Schistosoma haematobium and S. bovis from Kenya.

PCR-RFLP analysis of the ITS2 region to identify Schistosoma haematobium and S. bovis from Kenya.

Differences in the compatibility of infection between the liver flukes Fascioloides magna and Fasciola hepatica in a Colombian population of the snail Galba sp.

Histopathological study on susceptible and resistant Bulinus truncatus snails to infection with Schistosoma haematobium

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