The influence of Y and Nb addition on the corrosion resistance of Fe-Cr-Al-Ni model alloys exposed to oxygen-containing molten Pb

Materials for Sustainable Nuclear Energy: A European Strategic Research and Innovation Agenda for All Reactor Generations

“…Enhanced corrosion resistance is sought for with corrosion barriers, either by implanting aluminum to change the surface composition and induce the formation of a protective alumina layer [272,273], or by directly depositing alumina (or other ceramics) layers to coat the metallic substrate [274][275][276]. Alternatively, aluminum is added to the alloy composition, to enable the formation of a protective alumina layer that self-heals through contact with the oxygen that is contained in the circulating fluids, so-called alumina forming austenitic (AFA) steels [277][278][279][280][281].…”

Environmental degradation of structural materials in liquid lead- and lead-bismuth eutectic-cooled reactors

“…The excellent LMC resistance of Al/Si-containing Fe-Cr ferritic steels and Fe-Cr-Ni AuSS has been demonstrated in many studies [111,132,207,214,236,238,245,246,248,250,[592][593][594][595][597][598][599][600][601][602][603][604][605][606][607][608][609]. In particular, AFA stainless steels with a suggested nominal composition of Fe-(20-29)Ni-(15.2-16.5)Cr-(2.3-4.3)Al (all in wt%) might exhibit good resistance to both LMC and LME, since these steels are effectively passivated by the formation of Cr 2 O 3 and Cr 2 O 3 -Al 2 O 3 oxide scales, and they show little susceptibility to LME due to their fcc crystal structure [593,610]. High Mn-alloyed AFA steels also showed good LMC resistance in liquid LBE at 450 • C [611].…”

Compatibility and microstructure evolution of Al-Cr-Fe-Ni high entropy model alloys exposed to oxygen-containing molten lead

“…By introducing a certain amount of oxygen, which is lower than the dissociation oxygen partial pressure of PbO/Bi2O3, but higher than that of passive oxide layer formers like (Fe,Cr)3O4 or-/and-Cr2O3, in-situ growth of an oxide based corrosion inhibitor layer on steel surface is possible. Moreover, recent pioneer research work indicate that austenitic alloys/steels with a low amount of Al addition, called alumina-forming austenitic (AFA) alloys, are able to form a slow growing alumina-rich oxide layer when exposed to liquid Pb [11,[22][23][24]. However, this type material, with the composition range Fe- (20)(21)(22)(23)(24)(25)(26)(27)(28)(29)Ni- (15.2-16.5)Cr- (2.3-4.3)Al (wt.%), actually defines the minimum value of Al, Cr, and Ni, either required for passive oxide layer formation or stabilization of austenitic phase.…”

“…Moreover, recent pioneer research work indicate that austenitic alloys/steels with a low amount of Al addition, called alumina-forming austenitic (AFA) alloys, are able to form a slow growing alumina-rich oxide layer when exposed to liquid Pb [11,[22][23][24]. However, this type material, with the composition range Fe- (20)(21)(22)(23)(24)(25)(26)(27)(28)(29)Ni- (15.2-16.5)Cr- (2.3-4.3)Al (wt.%), actually defines the minimum value of Al, Cr, and Ni, either required for passive oxide layer formation or stabilization of austenitic phase. The concentrations above this given range were never investigated, namely increasing the amount of Al and Cr to create alloys with multi-principle elements.…”