The influence of wetland age on bird and aquatic macroinvertebrate use of restored Iowa wetlands

Effects of management practices on grassland birds: American Bittern

“…Two nests in a Minnesota wet meadow were located 61 m and 107 m from water (Vesall 1940). In northwestern Iowa, American Bitterns nested in 2-and 4-yr-old restored wetlands (VanRees-Siewert 1993, VanRees-Siewert and. A significant positive relationship was found between the age of restored wetlands and the occurrence of American Bitterns.…”

“…(Bent 1963;Stewart 1975;Duebbert and Lokemoen 1977;Niemi 1986, 1988;Faanes and Lingle 1995;Kent and Dinsmore 1996). They breed in seasonal, semipermanent, temporary, permanent, fen, and restored wetlands, and in hayland, cropland, Conservation Reserve Program grasslands, and idle grasslands (Stewart and Kantrud 1965;Stewart 1975;Duebbert and Lokemoen 1977;Faanes 1981;Kantrud and Stewart 1984;Niemi 1986, 1988;Luttschwager and Higgins 1992;VanRees-Siewert 1993;Faanes and Lingle 1995;Brininger 1996;VanRees-Siewert and Dinsmore 1996). In South Dakota, American Bitterns most often were located in semipermanent wetlands or wetlands with open water in the center, a band of emergent vegetation around the periphery, and idle grassland in the adjacent uplands (Weber 1978, Weber et al 1982.…”

The effects of management practices on grassland birds—American Bittern (<i>Botaurus lentiginosus</i>)

“…During the breeding season, American Bitterns use tall, dense, shallow-or deep-water emergent vegetation in wetlands; native vegetation in wet meadows; and moderately tall, dense, native or tame vegetation in uplands adjacent to wetlands (Bent, 1963;Stewart, 1975;Duebbert and Lokemoen, 1977;Faanes, 1981;Niemi, 1986, 1988;Faanes and Lingle, 1995;Kent and Dinsmore, 1996;Azure, 1998;Lor, 2007;Lowther and others, 2009;Baschuk and others, 2012). The species breeds in temporary, seasonal, semipermanent, permanent, fen, and alkali wetlands (wetland classifications based on Stewart and Kantrud, 1971); and in restored wetlands, hayland, cropland, Conservation Reserve Program grasslands, and idle grasslands (Stewart and Kantrud, 1965;Stewart, 1975;Duebbert and Lokemoen, 1977;Faanes, 1981;Kantrud and Stewart, 1984;Niemi, 1986, 1988;Luttschwager and Higgins, 1992;Svedarsky, 1992aSvedarsky, , 1992bVanRees-Siewert, 1993;Faanes and Lingle, 1995;Brininger, 1996;VanRees-Siewert and Dinsmore, 1996;Dault, 2001;Naugle and others, 2001;Lor, 2007;Lowther and others, 2009;Baschuk and others, 2012).…”

“…The probability of detecting American Bitterns increased with distance from the nearest road (Dault, 2001). In northwestern Iowa, a significant positive relationship was found between the age of restored wetlands and the occurrence of American Bitterns (VanRees-Siewert, 1993;VanRees-Siewert and Dinsmore, 1996). In Manitoba, Hay (2006) evaluated models that predicted American Bittern presence at three scales.…”

Effects of management practices on wetland birds: Eared Grebe

“…The long-term protection of wetlands can be achieved through conservation easements and purchases of wetland basins (VanRees-Siewert 1993, VanRees-Siewert andDinsmore 1996), and relocation of proposed housing developments (Koonz and Rakowski 1985). Additions to existing wetland complexes should be acquired whenever possible so that complexes become large enough to include different stages of vegetative development (Brown andDinsmore 1986, Fredrickson andReid 1986).…”