The Influence of Weight Status on Radial Bone Mineral Density in Lebanese Women

Abstract

The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of the weight-status (obese, overweight and normal-weight) on bone mineral density of the forearm in Lebanese women. 3,989 Lebanese women (1,138 obese, 1,570 overweight and 1,281 normal weight) aged from 19 to 92 years old participated in this study. Weight and height were measured, and body mass index (BMI) was calculated. BMD of the ultra-distal (UD) radius, the 1/3 radius and the total radius was measured by DXA (GE Healthcare Lunar Prodigy). In the whole population, body weight was positively correlated to UD Radius BMD (r = 0.41; P < 0.001), 1/3 radius BMD (r = 0.35; P < 0.001) and total radius BMD (r = 0.48; P < 0.001) while age was negatively correlated to UD BMD (r = -0.42; P < 0.001), 1/3 Radius BMD (r = -0.52; P < 0.001) and total radius BMD (r = -0.42; P < 0.001). Using multiple linear regression analysis models, age and weight explained 36 %, 41 % and 42 of the UD radius BMD, 1/3 radius BMD and total radius BMD variances respectively. UD radius BMD, 1/3 radius BMD and total radius BMD values were significantly different among the three groups (P < 0.001). UD Radius BMD, 1/3 radius BMD and total radius BMD values were higher in obese and overweight women compared to normal-weight women (P < 0.001) and in obese women compared to overweight women (P < 0.001). These differences among the three groups remained significant after adjusting for age and height (P < 0.001). This study suggests that obesity is associated with higher UD radius, 1/3 radius and total radius BMD values in Lebanese women. Thus, obesity seems to be protective against forearm osteopenia in Lebanese women.

Prevalence of osteoporosis and osteopenia in an apparently healthy Indian population - a cross-sectional retrospective study

“…In our study, BMI, height, weight were positively correlated with BMD indicating their protective role for bones which is in line with widely reported literature [ 22 , [41] , [42] , [43] ]. Wu and Du [ 43 ] discussed that the basic correlation mechanisms are multidimensional, including mechanical load, hormones, and nutritional status.…”

Less influence of body mass index on bone mineral density of radius as compared to proximal femur: Possible role in the diagnosis of osteoporosis

“…[ 30 ] However, the results were inconsistent with the results of the study conducted by El Hage et al who reported obesity is associated with higher levels of BMD. [ 22 ] In the present study, BMI was not associated with higher BMD of the radius. Based on the regression analysis, it was shown that BMD values in women in the lumbar, total femoral, and radius areas were significantly lower than those in men.…”

“…In the present study, regression analysis revealed that per 1 year increase in age, BMD decreases by −0.477 in the lumbar area, −0.238 in the total femoral area, −0.002 in the femoral neck area, and −0.417 g/cm 2 in the radius area, which all of them were statistically significant, confirming some of the previous studies, including the study conducted by Alonso et al in Brazil[ 21 ] and El Hage et al in Lebanon. [ 22 ] Moreover, the results of this study showed that per one unit of increase in BMI, BMD in the lumbar area increased by 0.01 g/cm 2 on average, BMI values >30 did not result in a drop in BMI in the lumbar area and the values increased linearly. In addition, per one unit of increase in BMI, BMD in the total femoral area and femoral neck increased by 0.258 and 0.007 (g/cm 2 ), respectively, which was significant.…”

“…The interrelationship between body weight/BMI and BMD of bones has been evaluated in a few studies, although conflicting results have been obtained. In studies by Alonso et al [ 21 ] and El Hage et al ,[ 22 ] a positive correlation was found between weight and density of the radius. In another study, an association was found between muscle and fat masses and BMD.…”

The Relationships Between Skeletal Muscle Index and Bone Variables in a Group of Young Adults

“…The TBS score can assist the healthcare professional in assessing fracture risk (20,21). In our laboratory, the coefficients of variation were less than 1% for BMC and BMD and less than 3% for FN CSA (22)(23)(24)(25). The same certified technician performed all analyses using the same technique for all measurements.…”