The Influence of Weight Distribution on the Handling Characteristics of Intercity Bus under Steady State Vehicle Cornering Condition

Abstract

Abstract. The vehicle cornering behavior is an important performance in handling stability especially for the intercity bus. Accordingly, one of the significant parameters concerns the weight distribution which is affected by the center of gravity (CG). In this paper, the effect of weight distribution while varying the turning radius is compared and it should be expressed, and interpreted by understeer gradient which is influenced by the location of CG. The characteristic of intercity bus was modeled and evaluated using the multi-body dynamic analysis software. The analysis has been conducted under steady state cornering based on a total of three configurations, with front/rear axle weight in percent, as 40/60, 45/55, and 50/50.The results stated that the magnitude of weight distribution on front axle of bus in a range of 40% to 50% caused the incremental value of understeer gradient and it was also increased as three times in each turning radius since the difference lateral slip angles between front and rear are expanded.

Effect of Weight Distribution and Active Safety Systems on Electric Vehicle Performance

“…Next, a PI controller is designed such that the wheel slip is kept constant at the point where the maximum force can be developed. The controller takes the difference between the measured rear wheel speed and the reference (ω f (1 + κ)) and minimizes the error according to Equation (18). In this case, the error is given as the difference between the rear tire velocity and the reference.…”

“…Research has been conducted to analyze the dependency of weight distribution on the driving behavior. Ekalak Prompakdee et al conducted a research aimed at studying the relation of the understeer gradient with the weight distributions on intercity buses under steady state conditions [ 18 ]. The driving performances under various loading conditions have also been analyzed in [ 19 ] to study the effect on the braking distance in road freight transport.…”

Tire Dynamics Deflection Assessment from IMU Measurement

“…Their work was based on the Kalman-filtering techniques. The kinematics data measurement was one of the useful choices for vehicle handling as written in [5].…”