The influence of weather conditions on bioactive compound content in sorghum grain

Abstract

Sorghum is the fifth most important cereal in the world in terms of the cropped area. It is mainly grown for feeding animals and it is also used in the food industry. Sorghum grain is generally a rich source of antioxidants such as polyphenols and carotenoids. For this reason, it is considered as a good source of bioactive food components and it has health-promoting properties. Sorghum is a gluten-free cereal grown in many regions worldwide, primarily in the tropical and subtropical regions. However, new hybrids and forms of sorghum are capable to produce seeds also in temperate climate. The aim of this study was to conduct the influence of weather conditions on bioactive compound content in sorghum grain. The quantitative analysis of selected bioactive compounds, such as phenolic acids, flavonoids, carotenoids, and phytosterols, was carried out. The tested material comprised grain of two varieties: ‘Sweet Susana’ and ‘Sweet Caroline’, which have different color of grain: red and white. The research material was obtained from growing seasons 2016–2018. Quantitative analysis of free phenolic acids, total carotenoids, and total phytosterols was performed by ultra-performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) after prior basic hydrolysis followed by acid. An ultra-efficient liquid chromatograph coupled with an absorption-based detector (UPLC-PDA) was used for these analyses. The results showed the variability of the content of bioactive compounds depending on weather conditions.

Comparative Study on Seed Characteristics, Antioxidant Activity, and Total Phenolic and Flavonoid Contents in Accessions of Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench

“…John et al [ 95 ] observed the presence of large amounts of carotenoids, phenolic acids, flavonoids, and tannins [ 8 , 96 , 97 ] in sorghum accessions, contributing to antioxidant activity. Moreover, in a similar study, high concentrations of phenolic acids, flavonoids, and carotenoids in sorghum grains were observed [ 85 , 98 , 99 , 100 ].…”

“…In another study, the irradiance period of the growing sorghum genotypes influenced the phenolic content and antioxidant activity of sorghum plants [ 82 , 83 , 84 ]. Similarly, Przybylska-Balcerek et al [ 85 ] observed variations in antioxidant activity and phenolic compound accumulation due to differences in the air temperature and precipitation rate during sorghum growth. In this study, since the environmental conditions experienced by the accessions were the same, variations in their TPC and TFC could be attributed to the genetic variation of individual sorghum accessions.…”

Strategies to Produce Grapefruit-Like Citrus Varieties With a Low Furanocoumarin Content and Distinctive Flavonoid Profiles

“…Such results suggest that flavonoid production could be influenced by environmental conditions, as we have also noted for FC contents. Numerous studies have been published about the influence of environmental factors on the biosynthesis of flavonoids ( Jaakola and Hohtola, 2010 ; Wu et al, 2019 ; Morales et al, 2020 ; Przybylska-Balcerek et al, 2020 ; Morales et al, 2021 ). Jaakola and Hohtola (2010) indicated the effect of high or low temperature on the composition or concentrations of flavonoids in many plant species.…”

Tomato plants (Solanum lycopersicum L.) grown in experimental contaminated soil: Bioconcentration of potentially toxic elements and free radical scavenging evaluation

“…However, environmental factors as temperature, and light as well as fertilization of the soil play a key role in the richness of bioactive compounds in different cultivars as well as fruit ripeness [3][4][5]. Piscitelli et al [6] focused on San Marzano Cirio 3 and Pomodoro Giallo cultivars while studying the antioxidant and antitumoral properties of nine different cultivars of tomatoes.…”