The influence of vision, touch, and proprioception on body representation of the lower limbs

Stone, Kayla D.; Keizer, Anouk; Dijkerman, H. Chris

doi:10.1016/j.actpsy.2018.01.007

Cited by 45 publications

(85 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…Similar to observations of size overestimation for ankles and wrists (Longo, 2017;Stone et al, 2018), the direction of distortion for the lower face follows the direction of movement. That is, the mouth and chin are perceived lower, shifted towards the body, increasing the perceived length of this region.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 75%

“…Furthermore, the face is normally seen in movement (Tsakiris, 2008), and the stored image of the face may include details of possible movement and its layout, as it occurs for other body parts, such as the hands (Bremner, Holmes, & Spence, 2008) and lower limbs (Stone et al, 2018). To explore this, we analysed the shift of locational responses, which may also explain the direction of the distortions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Additionally, different face portions have different mobility, which may affect body size perception. Previous studies have shown overestimation of highly movable body parts, such as the ankle (Stone, Keizer, & Dijkerman, 2018) and wrists (Longo, 2017), and a compartmentalised representation of upper and lower face regions (Fuentes et al, 2013). Thus, we sought to study size differences between the representation of top (eyes) and bottom (mouth) face areas anticipating overestimation for areas whose movement tends to change shape and size to a much greater extent (bottom).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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My true face: Unmasking one's own face representation

et al. 2018

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Face recognition has been the focus of multiple studies, but little is still known on how we represent the structure of one's own face. Most of the studies have focused on the topic of visual and haptic face recognition, but the metric representation of different features of one's own face is relatively unknown. We investigated the metric representation of the face in young adults by developing a proprioceptive pointing task to locate face landmarks in the first-person perspective. Our data revealed a large overestimation of width for all face features which resembles, in part, the size in somatosensory cortical representation. In contrast, face length was compartmentalised in two different regions: upper (underestimated) and bottom (overestimated); indicating size differences possibly due to functionality. We also identified shifts of the location judgments, with all face areas perceived closer to the body than they really were, due to a potential influence of the self-frame of reference. More importantly, the representation of the face appeared asymmetrical, with an overrepresentation of right side of the face, due to the influence of lateralization biases for strong right-handers. We suggest that these effects may be due to functionality influences and experience that affect the construction of face structural representation, going beyond the parallel of the somatosensory homunculus.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 75%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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My true face: Unmasking one's own face representation

et al. 2018

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“…For instance, Longo and Haggard (2011) 31 found a bias to overestimate the distance between touches oriented with the medio-lateral 32 hand axis compared to the proximo-distal axis. Similar anisotropies have been reported on 33 several other body parts, including the forearm (Green, 1982;Le Cornu Knight et al, 2014;34 Marks et al, 1982), thigh (Green, 1982), shin (Stone, Keizer, & Dijkerman, 2018), and face 35 (Fiori & Longo, 2018;Longo, Ghosh, & Yahya, 2015). Intriguingly, such illusions mirror 36 anisotropies in the geometry of tactile RFs which in animals tend to be oval-shaped both in 37 the spinal cord (e.g., Brown, Fuchs, & Tapper, 1975) and in SI (e.g., Alloway, Rosenthal, & 38 Burton, 1989;Brooks, Rudomin, & Slayman, 1961) with the longer axis aligned with the 39 proximo-distal body axis.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 74%

Reconstructing neural representations of tactile space

Tamè

Tucciarelli

Sadibolova

et al. 2019

Preprint

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Psychophysical experiments have demonstrated large and highly systematic perceptual distortions of tactile space. We investigated the neural basis of tactile space by analyzing activity patterns induced by tactile stimulation of nine points on a 3 x 3 square grid on the hand dorsum using functional magnetic resonance (fMRI). We used a searchlight approach within pre-defined regions of interests (ROIs) to compute the pairwise Euclidean distances between the activity patterns elicited by tactile stimulation. Then, we used multidimensional scaling (MDS) to reconstruct tactile space at the neural level and compare it with skin space at the perceptual level. Our reconstructions of the shape of skin space in contralateral primary somatosensory (SI) and motor (M1) cortices reveal that it is distorted in a way that matches the perceptual shape of skin space. This suggests that early sensorimotor areas are critical to processing tactile space perception. Significant StatementHere, we show that the primary somatosensory (SI) and motor (M1) cortices, rather than higher-level brain areas, are critical to estimating distances between tactile stimuli on the hand dorsum. By combining functional magnetic resonance (fMRI), Procrustes alignment, and multidimensional scaling, we reconstructed the shape of skin space in the brain. Strikingly, the shape of the skin that we reconstructed from neural data matches the distortions we found at the behavioral level, providing strong evidence that early sensorimotor areas are critical for the construction of tactile space. Our work therefore supports the view that tactile distance perception is computed at lower level in the somatosensory system than is usually supposed.

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“…This overall pattern has been replicated numerous times in several labs (Cocchini et al in press;Coelho et al 2017;Coelho and Gonzalez in press;Ferrè et al 2012;Ganea and Longo 2017;Longo 2014Longo , 2015Longo , 2017bHaggard 2012a, 2012b;Longo et Response Type and Perceptual Hand Maps 4 al. 2012, 2015a, 2015bLongo and Morcom 2016;Lopez et al 2012;Mattioni and Longo 2014;Medina and Duckett 2017;Saulton et al 2015Saulton et al , 2016Saulton et al , 2017Stone et al 2018;Tamè et al 2017). Nevertheless, the interpretation of such effects remains uncertain.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of instrumental action on perceptual hand maps

Longo

2018

Exp Brain Res

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Perceiving the external spatial location of body parts using position sense requires that immediate proprioceptive afferent signals be integrated with information about body size and shape. Longo and Haggard (Proc Natl Acad Sci 107:11727-11732, 2010) developed a method to measure perceptual hand maps reflecting this metric information about body size and shape. In this paradigm, participants indicate the perceived location of landmarks on their occluded hand by pointing with a long baton held in their other hand. By comparing the relative location of judgments of different hand landmarks, perceptual hand maps can be constructed and compared to actual hand structure. The maps show large and highly stereotyped distortions. Here, I investigated the potential effect of biases related to active motor control of the hand doing the pointing in these distortions. Participants localized the fingertip and knuckle of each finger on their occluded left hand either by actively pointing with a baton held in their right hand (pointing condition) or by giving verbal commands to an experimenter on how to move the baton (verbal condition). Similar distortions were clearly apparent in both conditions, suggesting that they are not an artifact of motor control biases related to the pointing hand.

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The influence of vision, touch, and proprioception on body representation of the lower limbs

Cited by 45 publications

References 44 publications

My true face: Unmasking one's own face representation

My true face: Unmasking one's own face representation

Reconstructing neural representations of tactile space

The effects of instrumental action on perceptual hand maps

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