The Influence of Varying Levels of Dietary Protein, Carbohydrate and Fats in the Nutrition of the Rat

Siedler, A. J.; Rice, Megan S.; Maloney, Patricia; Lushbough, C. H.; Schweigert, B. S.

doi:10.1093/jn/77.2.149

The Journal of Nutrition

1962

DOI: 10.1093/jn/77.2.149

|View full text |Cite

The Influence of Varying Levels of Dietary Protein, Carbohydrate and Fats in the Nutrition of the Rat

A. J. Siedler

Megan S. Rice

Patricia Maloney

et al.

Help me understand this report

Search citation statements

Order By: Relevance

Paper Sections

Select...

Citation Types

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Year Published

1973

1987

Publication Types

Select...

Article5

Relationship

Self Cite0

Independent5

Authors

Journals

Cited by 10 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 12 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Although specific instances in which physiological fuel values were different from the Atwater values were apparently not identified, this distinction does allow for the possibility that the energy from various fuel sources might not be used with the same efficiency. There is, in fact, a considerable literature (3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8) indicating that the energy from dietary fat is more efficiently utilized than the energy from carbohydrate.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficiency of utilization of various sources of energy for growth.

Donato¹,

Hegsted²

1985

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The relative efficiency of dietary sucrose, protein sources, and fats in depositing body protein and fat (total energy) was directly estimated in young rats by feeding graded levels of each as supplements to a fixed amount of a basal diet that was presumably adequate in all essential nutrients except for energy. Under these conditions, the net gain in total body energy was a linear function of the amount of supplement added and the data fulfill the criteria of a valid slope-ratio bioassay. The available energy measured by this technique for sucrose and protein were similar, as would be expected. Dietary Rice et al. (9) and that the available energy from dietary fat under these conditions compared to sucrose is substantially larger than predicted from the Atwater values. METHODSThe design of the four experiments reported was similar to that proposed by Rice et al. (9). The three basal diets used (Table 1) were formulated to provide all of the essential nutrients when fed in limiting amounts, so the added energy supplement would be the only variable to affect the rates of weight gain and change in body composition. The weanling male rats of the Charles River strain (Charles River Breeding Laboratories) used in the four experiments received daily 5 g of one of the basal diets to which a fixed amount of the energy supplement under study was added.In each experiment, groups of animals received graded levels of sucrose. The response of these animals was compared to those that received fat (Spry, Lever Brothers), casein (General Biochemicals), or gluten (General Biochemicals). The amounts of the various supplements provided in the four different experiments are shown in the tables.After the weanling rats were received in the laboratory, they were fed a laboratory rat chow for 3 days and 5 g of the basal diet for the next 3 days. They were then divided into groups of similar mean weight. Each group in experiments 1 and 2 contained five animals; there were four animals per group in experiments 3 and 4. In each experiment, one group of animals was killed for analysis of body composition. The remaining animals received the appropriate diet for 21 days and were then killed for analysis. § The animals were housed in raised individual cages, kept at a constant temperature and humidity, and weighed two or three times weekly. Papers were placed under the cages so that any spilled food could be weighed and an equivalent amount added to the diet in the next few days. Fortunately, spillage was insignificant.When the animals were killed, the stomach and cecum were removed and discarded to avoid residual food, and the

show abstract

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficiency of utilization of various sources of energy for growth.

Donato¹,

Hegsted²

1985

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Einfluß von zwei Spezialdiäten auf das Körpergewicht von Ratten

Voss

Hartmann

1977

Nahrung

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The authors studied the effects of 2 special diets on the weight behaviour of male Wistar rats (aged 4--5 weeks) from Schönerlinde near Berlin up to the age of 35 weeks. The weight behaviour of rats fed a standard diet (commercially available pellets) lies between those of the experimental rats and near that of the rats on low-fat (3%) diet. The one special diet that contains 3% of fat is low-fat (8.4% of the gross energy of the feed) and high-protein (69.3% of the gross energy); the other diet that contains 50% of fat is high-fat (76% of the gross energy). The two diets (containing 331 and 612 kcal/100 g, respectively) are not isocaloric but the animals on the low-fat diet ate twice as much as the animals on the high-fat diet. The rats on the high-protein low-fat diet were prone to copious sweating. It was generally noticed that the animals on the high-fat diet became to a greater extent hypokinetic with increasing age. The weight difference between the two dietary groups increased with increasing age, reaching its maximum value (77%) at the age of 24 weeks and then decreasing to 60% (at the age of 35 weeks). Up to the age of 12 weeks, the rats are in the more "dynamic" phase of weight increase; and from the 16th week, in the more "static" phase of weight increase.

show abstract

Zum Einfluß abgestufter Proteinversorgung (0–50%) auf hämatologische Werte sowie Protein- und Harnstoffgehalte im Plasma von Ratten

S¹,

Grassmann²,

Kirchgeßner³

1978

Archiv für Tierernaehrung

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The influence of graduated protein supply (0-50% casein) on hematological values was studied in growing rats and compared with other criteria of the supply status. The following results were obtained: Weight development was found to reflect to 30%, the plasma protein content to 40% the level of protein supply. The highest protein levels revealed a trend towards lower values. At a dietary protein content of 15 to 20%, the urea concentrations of plasma went through a minimum. Both with better and with poorer protein supply they proved higher thus suggesting an increasingly energetic conversion of the feed protein. The hematological values hemoglobin, hematocrit and erythrocyt number responded uniformaly to the level of protein supply. This is also attributable to the close statsitical relationship between these three magnitudes. Whilst at the end of the experiment the erythrocyt number with protein-free diet proved lowest, the smallest values for hemoglobin and hematocrit were observed with 5% protein. From 10% on the differences were not so marked. Especially high values were measured, however, for all criteria at 40 and 50%, partly at 25% protein. As the calculation of the mean cell volume (MCV) revealed, insufficient protein supply is likely to affect rather the erythrocyt ripening than iron conversion. In agreement with this idea, the mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) was not found to be influenced by protein supply.

show abstract

scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.

Contact Info

hi@scite.ai

10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614

Henderson, NV 89052, USA

Blog Terms and Conditions API Terms Privacy Policy Contact Cookie Preferences Do Not Sell or Share My Personal Information

Made with 💙 for researchers

Part of the Research Solutions Family.

The Influence of Varying Levels of Dietary Protein, Carbohydrate and Fats in the Nutrition of the Rat

Cited by 10 publications

References 12 publications

Efficiency of utilization of various sources of energy for growth.

Efficiency of utilization of various sources of energy for growth.

Einfluß von zwei Spezialdiäten auf das Körpergewicht von Ratten

Zum Einfluß abgestufter Proteinversorgung (0–50%) auf hämatologische Werte sowie Protein- und Harnstoffgehalte im Plasma von Ratten

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About