The Influence of Varying Dose and Repetitive Short Sessions of Extracorporeal Irradiation of the Blood on the Production of Lymphopenia

Sipe, C. R.; Chanana, A. D.; Cronkite, Eugene P.; Joel, D. D.; Schnappauf, Hp.

doi:10.2307/3571830

Cited by 20 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…This can be effectuated without significant hemolysis. The influence of varying transit doses on the production of lymphopenia on humans in the present study is in accordance with the experimental results on calves of Sipe et al (15).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Extracorporeal Irradiation of the Blood

Weeke

1972

Journal of Internal Medicine

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During the last three years a total of 80 patients have received extracorporeal irradiation of the blood (ECIB) prior to kidney transplantation. The irradiators were developed and fabricated by the Danish Atomic Energy Commission, Risø. The main data from three types of equipment—stationary and mobile gamma units and portable beta units—are presented. For the total material the average duration of ECIB was 103 h, the mean transit dose 295 rads and the mean total dose 42 850 rads. The lymphocyte concentration was reduced from 1 350 + 526 before to 335 + 122 after ECIB. According to the transit dose the patients were divided into three groups. Group I (20 patients) received a mean transit dose of 96 rads, and a mean total dose of 21 680 rads. Group II (21 patients) received a mean transit dose of 359 rads and an average total dose of 50 100 rads. Group III (20 patients) received an average transit dose of 432 rads and an average total dose of 54 420 rads. The rate of development of lymphopenia was significantly slower in group I than in groups II and III, but reduction of the lymphocyte concentration to the same degree (about 30% of pretreatment value) was observed in all three groups. At 15 000 rads the percentual reduction was significantly larger in group I than in groups II and III. There was no correlation between flow rate, calculated as the number of patients' blood volumes radiated per hour, and the rate of development of lymphopenia. After cessation of ECIB the lymphocyte concentration was followed in those patients who were not transplanted immediately. In 9 patients belonging to groups II and III the concentration remained constant at 30% of pretreatment value during the first 8 months. At 12 months it had increased to 50%. In 6 patients, belonging to group I, the lymphocyte concentration increased to 50% three months after cessation of ECIB. The practical conclusion of the present study is that a prolonged lymphocyte reduction is obtained with ECIB, with high transit doses resulting in high total radiation doses which caused hemolysis. If the total radiation doses are reduced by reduction of transit doses (100 rads), lymphopenia is obtained without hemolysis, but ECIB has to be repeated at more frequent intervals in order to maintain lymphopenia.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Extracorporeal Irradiation of the Blood

Weeke

1972

Journal of Internal Medicine

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“…EClB and ECIL have been shown to reduce total lymphocyte counts in peripheral blood and thoracic duct lymph chiefly at the expense of small lymphocytes (Cottier et a/., 1964;Sipe et al, 1965;Cronkite eta/., 1965;Schiffer et a[., 1966). However, large lymphocytes are also reduced in number, and such a reduction was responsible for the three-fold decrease in absolute production observed in the present study after ECIL.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Studies on Lymphocytes

et al. 1969

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Some of the time parameters of the cell cycle in bovine thoracic duct lymphocytes have been estimated by analysing labeled mitoses curves, and by double labeling. The two methods gave similar estimates of Ts. Thus, Ts measured directly from labeled mitoses curves varied from 4 to 6 hr, while the estimates from double labeling were 4.8 and 4.5 hr. T G measured directly from labeled mitoses curves was 5 hr, and estimates of TG from the values of Ts ranged from 6.3 to 7.7 hr. The present data confirm the short generative cycle of large thoracic duct lymphocytes. Extracorporeal irradiation of the lymph (ECIL) had no detectable effect on the cell cycle or the fractional production rate of the lymphocytes. However, the calculated absolute production was reduced following ECIL, due to a decrease in the absolute number of cells present. The grain count over mitoses after ECIL was approximately one‐half that found before ECIL.

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“…Erythrocytes are much more resistant to irradiation than lymphocytes, but with the large doses employed in ECIB an increased destruction of red cells may be anticipated. Sipe et al (15) observed pronounced haemolysis in animals following high doses of ECIB. Studies with 51Cr labelling have shown a decreased survival in vivo of normal human erythrocytes after in vitro irradiation with 35000 rads (14).…”

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confidence: 98%