The Influence of Urban Sprawl on Air Pollution and the Mediating Effect of Vehicle Ownership

Tao, Aiping; Qun, Liang; Kuai, Peng; Ding, Tao

doi:10.3390/pr9081261

Cited by 12 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…The study by Tao et al revealed that an increase in vehicles ownership will lead to increase in fuel consumptions that aggravate air pollution. 21 On the other hand, those who earned less owned one vehicle in their households. The study by Mhembu indicate that the more households earn more income, the more their likely to own a vehicle due to their increases buying power.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Community Health Risk Awareness and Knowledge of Air Pollution in Annadale, Polokwane Local Municipality, Limpopo Province, South Africa

Ngobeni,

Kekana

2024

Environ�Health�Insights

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Background: Exposure to air pollution has detrimental effects on the elderly, women, people with pre-existing medical conditions, people living in poverty and children. The aim of the study was to investigate the extent of community awareness and knowledge on the health risks associated with exposure to air pollution. The study was conducted at Annadale residential area locally known as Ladanna surrounded by industrial areas and located in Polokwane Local Municipality under Capricorn District Municipality in Limpopo Province, South Africa. Methods: A cross-sectional study design was used for the study, using self-administered questionnaires. The questionnaire was pre-tested on 10 respondents at Emdo Park (Extension 29) in Polokwane from 02 to 06 February 2021 and another fifteen respondents were pre-tested at Lesedi Park. A simple random sampling technique was used to select 376 respondents. Systematic sampling method was applied to select the households. SPSS version 26 was used to analyze data. Data was presented in the form of frequencies and percentages. Spearman rank correlation was used to measure the degree of association between 2 variables. A Chi-square test was used to compare the groups between the categorical variables. Multivariate Logistic Regression Model was used to assess associations of knowledge/awareness outcomes and sociodemographic characteristics with odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (Cls) presented. Results: Of 376 respondents, 221 (59%) were males and 154 (41%) females. The majority 113 (70%) of respondents were those between the age group 23 and 47 years and 353 (94%) were aware that if they don’t protect themselves against polluted air, they may get sick, with age and educational status associated with their awareness ( P < .05). About 361 (96%) knew what air pollution is and 188 (50%) think the air they breathe in Annadale is moderate. A total number of 278 (74%) said they feel sick/uncomfortable when the quality of air is bad. About 293 (78%) knew that people are exposed to air pollution by breathing contaminated air and 237 (63%) identified sewage smell as the main cause of air pollution. Internet 199 (53%) and television 177 (47%) were identified as the main source of information Those who were not aware of actions implemented to reduce air pollution were 180 (48%). Based on the results of the study, respondents’ level of knowledge in Annadale was poor (71%) and their awareness was good (87%). Conclusions: It is crucial that air pollution risk communication strategies be implemented to empower residents and improve the level of knowledge on the dangers of exposure to polluted air.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Community Health Risk Awareness and Knowledge of Air Pollution in Annadale, Polokwane Local Municipality, Limpopo Province, South Africa

Ngobeni,

Kekana

2024

Environ�Health�Insights

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“…The proportion of intermediary effects is then measured by

. To test the key hypotheses H1–H4 on the direct effect, indirect effect (mediation effect), and total effect of ERG on FP through income tax burden, we followed the approach used by Yan et al [ 84 ], Tao et al [ 85 ], and Wang et al [ 86 ], and the following three regression equations were constructed, as follows:

…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mediation Effect of Corporate Tax Burden and the Relationship between Environmental Regulation and Firm Performance

Dai

Huang

Zhang

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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This paper took the panel data of 1052 heavily-polluting listed companies from both the Shanghai and Shenzhen Stock Exchange from 2010 to 2017 to empirically analyze the impact of environmental regulation (ERG) on firm performance (FP). The article introduces a mediating effect model to test the mediating role of corporate tax burden (ETR) within the relationship between ERG on FP. The results showed that: (1) ERG has exerted a significant enhancement effect on the performance of heavily polluted firms via the ETR reduction mechanism. (2) The mediating effect of ETR depends on the duration of ERG. A significant time lag exists before the mediating effect starts to work, and the magnitude of the mediating effect increases with the time lag from the execution of the ERG. (3) The mediating effect of ETR varies significantly with the nature of corporate property rights. It is significant for the state-owned firms, while for non-state-owned firms, there is no evidence supporting the existence of the mediating effect of ETR despite ERG still having a significant direct-impact on FP. Based on these findings, we discuss the policy suggestion to optimize the impact of environmental regulation policies in terms of incentivizing the green development of polluting firms.

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“…The construction of cities and infrastructure is accompanied by a dramatic increase in resource consumption and pollutant emissions. Using global nighttime lighting data, Tao et al (2021) found that urban sprawl can disperse inner city space, increase commuting distances, and change travel patterns, thereby consuming more fossil energy and increasing urban PM2.5 concentrations.…”

Section: The Effect Of Urban Sprawl On Gtfpmentioning

confidence: 99%

The impact of urban sprawl on green total factor productivity: A spatial econometric analysis in China

Liu

Wu²

2023

Front. Environ. Sci.

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The rapid expansion of Chinese cities has led to serious urban productivity and eco-environment changes, and has therefore attracted considerable international academic attention. The main objective of this study is to investigate the theoretical mechanisms and practical effects of urban sprawl on green total factor productivity (GTFP), in order to provide a reference for optimizing the spatial layout of cities and promoting high-quality economic development. Realistic urban land area and population characteristics are extracted using DMSP/OLS and NPP/VIIRS nighttime lighting data, and LandScan global population dynamics statistics to measure the urban sprawl index. GTFP is measured using a super-SBM model that considers undesirable output. Based on the panel data of Chinese cities from 2006 to 2020, a spatial Durbin model was constructed to carry out the empirical analysis. The results show that, overall, urban sprawl in China is detrimental to its own GTFP, while contributing to the GTFP of neighboring cities. The impacts of urban sprawl vary markedly across cities of different sizes and across regions.

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The Influence of Urban Sprawl on Air Pollution and the Mediating Effect of Vehicle Ownership

Cited by 12 publications

References 15 publications

Community Health Risk Awareness and Knowledge of Air Pollution in Annadale, Polokwane Local Municipality, Limpopo Province, South Africa

Community Health Risk Awareness and Knowledge of Air Pollution in Annadale, Polokwane Local Municipality, Limpopo Province, South Africa

Mediation Effect of Corporate Tax Burden and the Relationship between Environmental Regulation and Firm Performance

The impact of urban sprawl on green total factor productivity: A spatial econometric analysis in China

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