The influence of Trypanosoma congolense infection on the disposition kinetics of diminazene aceturate in the dog

Onyeyili, P. A.; Anika, S. M.

doi:10.1007/bf00142049

Cited by 14 publications

(18 citation statements)

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“…More so, the curative effect of SEC-DA combination therapy in rats and dogs experimentally infected with T. b. brucei has been reported (Eke, 2016). Various studies on the kinetics of DA in different animal species have been reported (Kellner et al, 1985;Onyeyili & Anika, 1989;El Banna et al, 1999;Miller, 2005). Few reports on the tissue residues of DA in animals are available (Onyeyili, 1982;Gilbert, 1983;Kellner, 1985;Onyeyili & Anika, 1991).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diminazene aceturate residues in tissues of dogs treated with secnidazole-diminazene aceturate combination and with diminazene aceturate alone

Eke¹,

Eze²,

Ezeudu³

et al. 2017

Sokoto J. Vet. Sc.

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Dimninazene aceturate concentration in plasma and residues in tissues of dogs treated with secnidazolediminazene aceturate combination and with diminazene aceturate alone was investigated in apparently healthy dogs. Fourteen apparently healthy dogs were randomly assigned to 3 groups. The first group consisted of 6 dogs pre-treated with 100 mg/kg secnidazole (SEC) orally 30 min before administration of 3.5 mg/kg diminazene aceturate (DA) im. The second group consisted of 6 dogs treated with 3.5 mg/kg DA im alone, while the third group had 2 dogs untreated and used to prepare the control tissues and standards. Blood samples were collected at 24, 48 and 72 h post-administration of DA and serum harvested for estimation of DA concentrations in the serum. For estimation of DA residues in tissues, 2 dogs were sacrificed in each group at 240, 360 and 480 h post-administration of the drugs. Ten grams of tissue samples (liver, kidney, brain, heart and skeletal muscle) were collected in triplicate. Intramuscular administration of DA, led to detectable and measurable levels of DA up to 72 h in the serum of both groups of dogs. However, there was no significant difference in the serum concentration of DA in both groups of dogs from 24 -72 h. The concentration of DA was significantly (p < 0.05) higher in the brain of SEC pre-treated dogs at 240 h. In the kidney and liver, DA concentration was significantly (p < 0.05) higher in SEC pre-treated dogs at 480 h. There was no significant difference in the DA concentration in the myocardium and skeletal muscles of both groups of dogs. We therefore concluded that DA persists in the tissues of treated dogs beyond 20 days post-treatment and that SEC alters the elimination pattern of DA in SEC pre-treated dogs.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diminazene aceturate residues in tissues of dogs treated with secnidazole-diminazene aceturate combination and with diminazene aceturate alone

Eke¹,

Eze²,

Ezeudu³

et al. 2017

Sokoto J. Vet. Sc.

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“…(2009),Sumano et al (2004),Kikuvi et al (2001),Valladares et al (1998), Cullen et al (1998), Lloyd et al (1991,Gullichsen et al (1990),Anika and Onyeyili (1989),Onyeyili and Anika (1989),Romanosky et al (1983),Lu et al (1981) and McAfee et al . (2009a,b), Jensen et al (2006, 2004), Post et al (2002), Allaouchiche et al (2001), Lindecrona et al (2000), Agersø et al (1998), Monshouwer et al (1995), Moore et al (1995), Zeng and Fung (1990) and Vellenga et al (1992, 1989) Horse 43 4 Ensink et al (2005), Bucki et al (2004), Rees et al (1999) and Wichtel et al (1992) Cattle 126 14 TerHune et al (2005), Erskine et al (1995), Klein et al (2008), Litterio et al (2007), Washburn et al (2005),Kumar and Malik (1999a,b),Clarke et al (1996Clarke et al ( , 1993,Brown et al (1991b),Holland et al (1992),Mevius et al (1991) andClarke et al (1989) Variability in drug response 215…”

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confidence: 99%

Patient variation in veterinary medicine: part I. Influence of altered physiological states

Martinez

Modrić

2010

Journal of Veterinary Pharmacology and Therapeutics

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Martinez, M., Modric, S. Patient variation in veterinary medicine: part I. Influence of altered physiological states. J. vet. Pharmacol. Therap.33, 213–226. In veterinary medicine, the characterization of a drug’s pharmacokinetic (PK) properties is generally based upon data that are derived from studies that employ small groups of young healthy animals, often of a single breed. These are also the data from which population predictions are often generated to forecast drug exposure characteristics in the target population under clinical conditions of use. In veterinary medicine, it is rare to find information on the covariates that can influence drug exposure characteristics. Therefore, it is important to recognize some of the factors that can alter the outcome of PK studies and therefore potentially alter the pharmacological response. Some of these factors are easily identified, such as breed, gender, age, and body weight. Others are less obvious, such as disease, heritable traits, and environmental factors. This manuscript provides an overview of the various stressors (such as disease, inflammation, pregnancy, and lactation) that can substantially alter drug PK. Part II of this series provides an overview of the potential impact of physiological variables such as age, weight, and heritable traits, on drug PK. Ultimately, failure to identify appropriate covariates can lead to substantial error when predicting the dose–exposure relationship within a population.

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“…However, the effect of a trypanosome infection on the pharmacokinetics of diminazene has been described only for rats (38), rabbits (19), and dogs (35). Since such information would have implications for the therapeutic regime used for cattle, the present study was conducted to determine whether the pharmacokinetics of diminazene in noninfected cattle differ significantly from those in cattle with an acute or chronic infection of T. congolense.…”

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confidence: 99%

Comparative pharmacokinetics of diminazene in noninfected Boran (Bos indicus) cattle and Boran cattle infected with Trypanosoma congolense

Mamman

Aliu

Peregrine

1993

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

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The pharmacokinetics of diminazene in five female Boran (Bos indicus) cattle before and then during acute and chronic phases of experimental infections with Trypanosoma congolense were investigated. A 7.0% (wt/vol) solution of diminazene aceturate (Berenil) was used in all three phases of the study and administered as a single intramuscular dose of 3.5 mg of diminazene base per kg of body weight. There were no significant differences between the values of pharmacokinetic parameters for the noninfected cattle and the values for cattle with a chronic T. congoknse infection. However, the maximum concentration of the drug in plasma during the acute phase of infection (8.25 1.72 ,ug/ml) was significantly (P < 0.01) greater than that during chronic infection (5.04 0.26 ,ug/ml) and that in the noninfected state (4.76 0.76 ,Ig/mI). Similarly, the time to maximum concentration of the drug in plasma when diminazene was administered during the acute phase of infection (18.00 6.71 min) was significantly (P < 0.02) shorter than that for noninfected cattle (36.00 + 8.22 min) and that during chronic infection (33.75 + 7.50 min). The volume of distribution at steady state during acute infection (1.01 + 0.31 liter/kg) was significantly (P < 0.01) smaller than that in the noninfected state (1.37 + 0.17 liter/kg) and that in chronic infection (1.51 + 0.24 liter/kg). Eight hours after the drug had been administered, the concentration-time data profiles for each of the three study phases were very similar. Mean concentrations of diminazene in plasma 48 h after administration of the drug were 0.43 0.07 ,ug/ml in noninfected cattle, 0.43 0.11 ,ug/ml during the acute phase of trypanosome infection, and 0.44 + 0.09 ,ug/ml during the chronic phase of the infection. Results of the present study indicate that the area under the concentration-time curve for diminazene in trypanosome-infected cattle did not differ significantly from that for noninfected cattle. It, therefore, appears that the total amount of diminazene attained and maintained in the plasma of cattle is not significantly altered during infection with T. congolense.

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The influence of Trypanosoma congolense infection on the disposition kinetics of diminazene aceturate in the dog

Cited by 14 publications

References 5 publications

Diminazene aceturate residues in tissues of dogs treated with secnidazole-diminazene aceturate combination and with diminazene aceturate alone

Diminazene aceturate residues in tissues of dogs treated with secnidazole-diminazene aceturate combination and with diminazene aceturate alone

Patient variation in veterinary medicine: part I. Influence of altered physiological states

Comparative pharmacokinetics of diminazene in noninfected Boran (Bos indicus) cattle and Boran cattle infected with Trypanosoma congolense

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