The Influence of Tocopherols upon the Mammary and Placental Transfer of Vitamin A in the Sheep, Goat and Pig

“Stiff lamb disease” in New Zealand

“…1 treatment with tocopherols when signs of stiffness were observed "cured" the majority of the affected lambs. Whiting et al (1949) have shown that the low level of total tocopherols in the milk of ewes fed the, experimental, ration of alfalfa ,hay a~d cull beans is the cause of the. muscular dystrophy observed in the lambs.…”

Relative Value of Vitamin A and Carotene for Supplying the Vitamin A Requirements of Swine during Gestation and Beginning Lactation

“…Some of the higher values observed in the present study possibly are due to the fact that only gilts were used, for if swine respond similarly to cattle , it would be expected that vitamin A concentrations would be higher in colostrum PARRISH, AUBEL, HUGIIES AND WIiEAT of gilts than in that of older sows. Blood serum and liver vitamin A concentrations of new-born pigs from gilts in lots I and II likewise were as large as, or larger than, those reported by Eaton et al (1949), Thomas et al (1947), and Whiting et al (1949) for pigs from dams fed normal feeds.…”

“…At the time of parturition the vitamin A concentration in serum and in colostrum of gilts of' both lots I and II were essentially as large as, or larger than, those previously reported for sows and gilts fed typical herd feeds (Bowland et al, 1949;Braude et al, 1945-46;Eaton et al, 1949;Leucke et al, 1947;Thomas et al, 1947;and Whiting et al, 1949). Some of the higher values observed in the present study possibly are due to the fact that only gilts were used, for if swine respond similarly to cattle , it would be expected that vitamin A concentrations would be higher in colostrum PARRISH, AUBEL, HUGIIES AND WIiEAT of gilts than in that of older sows.…”

“…It is interesting that blood and liver stores of vitamin A in newborn pigs from gilts receiving carotene (lot III) were as large as, or larger than, those reported for new-born calves, kids or lambs from dams fed normal rations (Moore and Berry, 1944;Parrish et al, 1946--47;Pope et al, 1949;Spielman et al, 1949;Thomas et al, 1947;Whiting et al, 1949;Wise et al, 1946;Wise et al, 1948). After colostrum and milk were consumed for the first four postnatal days, the increases of vitamin A in blood serum and in livers of the pigs Of gilts receiving the carotene supplement were comparable to findings on new-born calves whose dams received normal rations.…”

Fat-Soluble Vitamins

“…Farm animals.-N umerous workers have studied the importance of vitamin E in the nutrition of cattle (120 to 126), sheep (120,127,128), goats (128) pigs, (120,128,129,130), and horses (126), and have followed the variations in the blood, colostrum, and milk under different nutritional conditions and during different phases of the reproductive cycle. Gullickson (123) has found that when cattle are deprived of vitamin E their reproductive capacity is little affected, but that sudden death through heart failure often occurs.…”