The influence of the timing of administration of thiopentone sodium on nitric oxide-mediated neurotoxicity in vitro

Shibuta, Satoshi; Kosaka, Jun; Inoue, T; Shimizu, Tomoaki; Tomi, Katsuji; Mashimo, Takashi

doi:10.1016/s0022-510x(99)00324-x

Cited by 15 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Primary cortical cultures were prepared as described previously (Shibuta et al, 1998, 2000, 2001). Rat fetuses at embryonic day 16 were removed surgically from anesthetized pregnant Wistar rats (obtained from Nihon SLC Hamamatus Japan), and their brains were isolated under the microscope.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We used Shibuta's model (Shibuta et al, 1998, 2000, 2001) to evaluate cytotoxicity. Three or four photomicrographs were made of each well shortly before exposing the cells to hypoxia and at the end of the experiment according to the grid arrangement of the dish.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Because neuronal cell death varies precisely with different temperatures and with the ischemic time course, accurate assessment of viable neurons is mandatory. We exposed the cultured neurons to simulate ischemia in a special anoxic incubator (water jacket type, Astec APMW‐36; Astec Japan) and evaluated the neuroprotective effects elicited by hypothermia with our effective culture model (Shibuta et al, 1998, 2000, 2001).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Neuroprotective effect of hypothermia at defined intraischemic time courses in cortical cultures

Varathan

Shibuta

Shimizu

et al. 2001

J of Neuroscience Research

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Many experimental and clinical studies have shown that hypothermia confers cerebroprotective benefits against ischemic insults. Because of the many conflicting reports on hypothermic neuroprotection, we undertook this cellular study to identify the optimal temperature or a range of temperatures for maximal neuroprotection at different times (6-24 hr) during ischemic insults. Cultured Wistar rat cortical neurons were exposed to oxygen deprivation at defined times and temperatures (37 degrees C normothermia, 32 degrees C mild hypothermia, 27 degrees C moderate hypothermia, 22 degrees C deep hypothermia, and 17 degrees C profound hypothermia). The survival rate of neurons was evaluated by assessing viable neurons on photomicrographs. The normothermic group demonstrated a significantly lower survival rate of cultured neurons (6 hr, 80.3% +/- 2.7%; 12 hr, 56.1% +/- 2.1%; 18 hr, 34.2% +/- 1%; 24 hr, 18.1% +/- 2.2%) compared to hypothermic groups (P < 0.001). The survival rate for the profound hypothermic group was significantly reduced (P < 0.01) compared to other hypothermic groups (at 17 degrees C: 12 hr, 85.9% +/- 2.5%, 18 hr, 74.7% +/- 3.7%, 24 hr, 58.7% +/- 2.7%). Almost equal survival rates were observed among mild, moderate, and deep hypothermic groups following <18 hr exposure to hypoxia, but the deep hypothermic group showed a significantly higher survival rate (84.1% +/- 1.6%; P < 0.001) when subjected to hypoxia for 24 hr. In conclusion, hypothermia offers marked neuroprotection against hypoxia, but attenuation of neuronal cell death was less with profound hypothermia compared to mild, moderate, and deep hypothermia. Deep hypothermia affords maximal protection of neurons compared to mild and moderate hypothermia during long-lasting hypoxia (>18 hr).

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Neuroprotective effect of hypothermia at defined intraischemic time courses in cortical cultures

Varathan

Shibuta

Shimizu

et al. 2001

J of Neuroscience Research

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“…Red, neurons; green, glial cells. The proportion of red cells (neurons) was more than 90% [20,21]. Photomicrographs of three or four areas within the dish were taken shortly before the exposure to glutamate.…”

Section: Cell Viabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Protective effects of the free radical scavenger edaravone against glutamate neurotoxicity in nearly pure neuronal culture

2009

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“…Previous studies have shown the ability of hypothermia (Rosmoff, 1957; Ridenour et al, 1992; Wass et al, 1995; Varathan et al, 2001) and barbiturates (Smith et al, 1974; Nussmeier et al, 1986; Shibuta et al, 1998, 2000) to lessen brain damage due to ischemic insults. In most instances, the antagonist actions of hypothermia and barbiturates against neuronal injuries were dose‐related.…”

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confidence: 99%

Hypothermia and thiopentone sodium: Individual and combined neuroprotective effects on cortical cultures exposed to prolonged hypoxic episodes

Varathan

Shibuta

Shimizu

et al. 2002

J of Neuroscience Research

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Because there are many conflicting reports on cerebroprotective effects of hypothermia and barbiturates, we examined the degree of neuroprotection at defined temperatures (normothermia, 37 degrees C; mild hypothermia, 32 degrees C; deep hypothermia, 22 degrees C; and profound hypothermia, 17 degrees C) and various concentrations (low, 4 microM; moderate, 40 microM; and high, 400 & microM) of thiopentone sodium (TPS), alone and in combination in cortical cultures exposed to prolonged hypoxia (24-48 hr). The survival rate of embryonic day (E)16 Wistar rat cortical neurons was evaluated on photomicrographs before and after experiments. During the 24-hr hypoxic period, the survival rate of neurons was maximal with combinations of mild hypothermia with 40 microM (91.6 +/- 0.7%) and 400 microM TPS (90.8 +/- 0.7%) or deep hypothermia combined with all concentrations of TPS (4 microM, 90.6 +/- 1.0%; 40 microM, 91.4 +/- 0.8%; 400 microM, 91.8 +/- 1.2%). During 48 hr hypoxia, the highest survival rate was seen with the combination of deep hypothermia and either 40 microM (90.9 +/- 0.6%) or 400 microM (91.1 +/- 1.4%) TPS. In the presence of profound hypothermia in combination with all concentrations of TPS, the survival rate was significantly reduced (P< 0.01) compared to combined application of either mild or deep hypothermia with TPS. In summary, maximal neuroprotection was attained with hypothermia and TPS in combination rather than applied individually, during prolonged hypoxic episodes (24- 48 hr). During a 24-hr hypoxic period, both mild and deep hypothermia combined with a clinically relevant concentration of TPS (40 microM) offered the highest neuroprotection. Only deep hypothermia provided maximal neuroprotection when combined with 40 microM TPS, during 48-hr hypoxia. Combination of profound hypothermia and TPS did not confer considerable neuroprotection during long lasting hypoxia.

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The influence of the timing of administration of thiopentone sodium on nitric oxide-mediated neurotoxicity in vitro

Cited by 15 publications

References 32 publications

Neuroprotective effect of hypothermia at defined intraischemic time courses in cortical cultures

Neuroprotective effect of hypothermia at defined intraischemic time courses in cortical cultures

Protective effects of the free radical scavenger edaravone against glutamate neurotoxicity in nearly pure neuronal culture

Hypothermia and thiopentone sodium: Individual and combined neuroprotective effects on cortical cultures exposed to prolonged hypoxic episodes

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