The Influence of the Local Neighbourhood Environment on Walking Levels during the Walking for Wellbeing in the West Pedometer-Based Community Intervention

Robertson, Lynette; Thompson, Catharine Ward; Aspinall, Peter; Millington, Catherine; McAdam, Chloe; Mutrie, Nanette

doi:10.1155/2012/974786

Cited by 17 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 51 publications

(73 reference statements)

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“…In one of the Belgian studies, 34 participants living in high compared with low walkable neighbourhoods accumulated 1222 more steps/day (95% CI 131 to 2313). Although the estimates of the other Belgian study 35 and the Japanese study 37 were not conclusive, these also suggested a positive association between walkability and steps. The settings of these studies differ importantly from the Canadian context, possibly accounting for the difference in findings.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 76%

“…Two were conducted in Belgium, 34 35 one in the Czech Republic 36 and one in Japan. 37 In the Czech study, 38 participants living in high compared with low walkable neighbourhoods accumulated 2088 more steps/day (95% CI 440 to 3736). In one of the Belgian studies, 34 participants living in high compared with low walkable neighbourhoods accumulated 1222 more steps/day (95% CI 131 to 2313).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

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Neighbourhood walkability, daily steps and utilitarian walking in Canadian adults

et al. 2015

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ObjectivesTo estimate the associations of neighbourhood walkability (based on Geographic Information System (GIS)-derived measures of street connectivity, land use mix, and population density and the Walk Score) with self-reported utilitarian walking and accelerometer-assessed daily steps in Canadian adults.DesignA cross-sectional analysis of data collected as part of the Canadian Health Measures Survey (2007–2009).SettingHome neighbourhoods (500 m polygonal street network buffers around the centroid of the participant's postal code) located in Atlantic Canada, Québec, Ontario, the Prairies and British Columbia.Participants5605 individuals participated in the survey. 3727 adults (≥18 years) completed a computer-assisted interview and attended a mobile clinic assessment. Analyses were based on those who had complete exposure, outcome and covariate data (n=2949).Main exposure measuresGIS-derived walkability (based on land use mix, street connectivity and population density); Walk Score.Main outcome measuresSelf-reported utilitarian walking; accelerometer-assessed daily steps.ResultsNo important relationship was observed between neighbourhood walkability and daily steps. Participants who reported more utilitarian walking, however, accumulated more steps (<1 h/week: 6613 steps/day, 95% CI 6251 to 6975; 1 to 5 h/week: 6768 steps/day, 95% CI 6420 to 7117; ≥6 h/week: 7391 steps/day, 95% CI 6972 to 7811). There was a positive graded association between walkability and odds of walking ≥1 h/week for utilitarian purposes (eg, Q4 vs Q1 of GIS-derived walkability: OR=1.66, 95% CI 1.31 to 2.11; Q3 vs Q1: OR=1.41, 95% CI 1.14 to 1.76; Q2 vs Q1: OR=1.13, 95% CI 0.91 to 1.39) independent of age, sex, body mass index, married/common law status, annual household income, having children in the household, immigrant status, mood disorder, perceived health, ever smoker and season.ConclusionsContrary to expectations, living in more walkable Canadian neighbourhoods was not associated with more total walking. Utilitarian walking and daily steps were, however, correlated and walkability demonstrated a positive graded relationship with utilitarian walking.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 76%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Neighbourhood walkability, daily steps and utilitarian walking in Canadian adults

et al. 2015

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“…The point estimates of all six studies suggested that higher walkability was associated with a greater number of daily steps. Based on the confidence intervals, these associations were conclusive for only three of these studies [ 30 , 32 , 33 ]. In addition to examining the role of walkability with daily steps, three of the six studies assessed the role of walkability on utilitarian walking [ 30 , 31 , 35 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Four of the six studies were conducted in Europe (Belgium [ 30 , 31 ], Czech Republic [ 32 ], and Scotland [ 33 ]) and two of the six studies were conducted in Asia (China [ 34 ] and Japan [ 35 ]) (Table 1 ). All of the studies were cross-sectional.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Associations between neighbourhood walkability and daily steps in adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis

et al. 2015

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BackgroundHigher street connectivity, land use mix and residential density (collectively referred to as neighbourhood walkability) have been linked to higher levels of walking. The objective of our study was to summarize the current body of knowledge on the association between neighbourhood walkability and biosensor-assessed daily steps in adults.MethodsWe conducted a systematic search of PubMed, SCOPUS, and Embase (Ovid) for articles published prior to May 2014 on the association between walkability (based on Geographic Information Systems-derived street connectivity, land use mix, and/or residential density) and daily steps (pedometer or accelerometer-assessed) in adults. The mean differences in daily steps between adults living in high versus low walkable neighbourhoods were pooled across studies using a Bayesian hierarchical model.ResultsThe search strategy yielded 8,744 unique abstracts. Thirty of these underwent full article review of which six met the inclusion criteria. Four of these studies were conducted in Europe and two were conducted in Asia. A meta-analysis of four of these six studies indicates that participants living in high compared to low walkable neighbourhoods accumulate 766 more steps per day (95 % credible interval 250, 1271). This accounts for approximately 8 % of recommended daily steps.ConclusionsThe results of European and Asian studies support the hypothesis that higher neighbourhood walkability is associated with higher levels of biosensor-assessed walking in adults. More studies on this association are needed in North America.

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“…Lastly, community-based physical activity programs usually focus on a defined group of participants (e.g. retired senior people), in order to promote the importance of physical activity for improving quality of life [ 15 – 21 ]. Assessing the effectiveness of these programs has been a popular undertaking among researchers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Statistical methods to model and evaluate physical activity programs, using step counts: A systematic review

2018

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BackgroundPhysical activity reduces the risk of noncommunicable diseases and is therefore an essential component of a healthy lifestyle. Regular engagement in physical activity can produce immediate and long term health benefits. However, physical activity levels are not as high as might be expected. For example, according to the global World Health Organization (WHO) 2017 statistics, more than 80% of the world’s adolescents are insufficiently physically active. In response to this problem, physical activity programs have become popular, with step counts commonly used to measure program performance. Analysing step count data and the statistical modeling of this data is therefore important for evaluating individual and program performance. This study reviews the statistical methods that are used to model and evaluate physical activity programs, using step counts.MethodsAdhering to PRISMA guidelines, this review systematically searched for relevant journal articles which were published between January 2000 and August 2017 in any of three databases (PubMed, PsycINFO and Web of Science). Only the journal articles which used a statistical model in analysing step counts for a healthy sample of participants, enrolled in an intervention involving physical exercise or a physical activity program, were included in this study. In these programs the activities considered were natural elements of everyday life rather than special activity interventions.ResultsThis systematic review was able to identify 78 unique articles describing statistical models for analysing step counts obtained through physical activity programs. General linear models and generalized linear models were the most popular methods used followed by multilevel models, while structural equation modeling was only used for measuring the personal and psychological factors related to step counts. Surprisingly no use was made of time series analysis for analysing step count data. The review also suggested several strategies for the personalisation of physical activity programs.ConclusionsOverall, it appears that the physical activity levels of people involved in such programs vary across individuals depending on psychosocial, demographic, weather and climatic factors. Statistical models can provide a better understanding of the impact of these factors, allowing for the provision of more personalised physical activity programs, which are expected to produce better immediate and long-term outcomes for participants. It is hoped that this review will identify the statistical methods which are most suitable for this purpose.

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The Influence of the Local Neighbourhood Environment on Walking Levels during the Walking for Wellbeing in the West Pedometer-Based Community Intervention

Cited by 17 publications

References 51 publications

Neighbourhood walkability, daily steps and utilitarian walking in Canadian adults

Neighbourhood walkability, daily steps and utilitarian walking in Canadian adults

Associations between neighbourhood walkability and daily steps in adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Statistical methods to model and evaluate physical activity programs, using step counts: A systematic review

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