The influence of the external costs of modal split in the transport network, with particular reference to rail transport

Abstract

Vehicles have an impact on environmental pollution through emissions. Thus, they generate different carbon footprints, or emit different amounts of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere. This article attempts to determine the effects of carbon dioxide on the distribution of the traffic stream in the selected part of the transport network. For the analysis the Warsaw-Krakow route was chosen. The movement between these two cities can be performed with different modes of transport. The distribution of the passenger streams was conducted for three variants of the three sub-criteria: minimum average costs, minimum marginal costs and the costs of environmental pollution. The unitary cost of carbon dioxide emission was determined using a CO2 Calculator. The selection of the variant of the passenger stream distribution was carried out using a multi-criteria evaluation method called MAJA.

Sustainable production strategies in agricultural transport: Balancing economic efficiency and environmental impact

“…The value of the study is in the practical implementation of the sustainable production model, hence the presentation of the results of the strategy implementation in one of the manufacturing enterprises in the sector related to the production of agricultural means of transport. Additionally, due to its destructive impact on the environment, transport has become the focus of attention when it comes to sustainable development, consequently leading to the development of sustainable transport (Ambroziak et al, 2014;Jacyna, 2009).…”

Environmental Impact Evaluation as a Key Element in Ensuring Sustainable Development of Rail Transport

“…This includes considerations for people with disabilities, senior citizens, and other marginalised groups. It also involves integrating the railways with other modes of transport [10][11][12][13][14][15][16].…”

“…In this paper, the authors undertake a comprehensive analysis of the environmental impact of rail transportation development, in which, in addition to the recognised dangers of noise pollution and exhaust fumes [16], they also outline the effects on wildlife as well as methods of reducing them to ensure sustainable development.…”