The influence of the conventional microflora on the body temperature of the chick

Harrison, G. F.; Hewitt, David G.

doi:10.1080/00071667808416475

Cited by 9 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…In the fasting state, heat production, calculated as energy loss from the carcass, was lower in the CV birds than in their GF counterparts as indicated by changes in the intercepts of the regression lines on ME intake levels. This confirmed our previous findings of lower fasting heat production (Muramatsu et al 1988a), and was in line with the lower body temperature in the CV chickens (Harrison & Hewitt, 1978;Muramatsu et al 1988~). It follows, therefore, that the presence of the gut microflora may benefit the host birds by saving energy loss from the body when no dietary energy supply is available.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Modification of energy metabolism by the presence of the gut microflora in the chicken

1994

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Whether the association with gut microflora modifies the energy metabolism of chickens was investigated by varying the metabolizable energy consumption level from zero to above the maintenance requirement in the germ-free and conventional states. Single comb White Leghorn chicks were either fasted for 3 d (Expt l), or fed for 6 d at a fixed daily meal intake of 2, 5 or 8 g/d (Expt 2), or 5, 10 or 15 g/d (Expt 3). Changes in carcass energy deposition and heat production indicated that when no dietary energy was available the presence of the gut microflora could benefit the birds by reducing energy losses, whereas when dietary energy was supplied the efficiency of energy utilization was reduced by the presence of the gut microflora. It was concluded, therefore, that the heavy burden of the gut microflora modifies energy metabolism by exerting a buffering or a counter-productive action on the energy utilization of the chicken.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Modification of energy metabolism by the presence of the gut microflora in the chicken

1994

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“…This change has been explained by an accumulation of substances normally degraded by the microbiome and histological changes of the cecum epithelial cells [ 13 ]. In germfree chicks, the body temperature is slightly higher than that of chicks with normal flora [ 14 ]. These experiments have demonstrated the complex role that microbiomes play in host development, not only in the gastrointestinal systems but in other organs as well.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The functionality of the gastrointestinal microbiome in non-human animals

2015

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Due to the significance of the microbiome on human health, much of the current data available regarding microbiome functionality is centered on human medicine. For agriculturally important taxa, the functionality of gastrointestinal bacteria has been studied with the primary goals of improving animal health and production performance. With respect to cattle, the digestive functions of bacteria in cattle are unarguably critical to digestion and positively impact production performance. Conversely, some research suggests that the gastrointestinal microbiome in chickens competes with the host for nutrients and produces toxins that can harm the host resulting in decreased growth efficiency. Concerning many other species including reptiles and cetaceans, some cataloging of fecal bacteria has been conducted, but the functionality within the host remains ambiguous. These taxa could provide interesting gastrointestinal insight into functionality and symbiosis considering the extreme feeding regimes (snakes), highly specialized diets (vampire bats), and living environments (polar bears), which warrants further exploration.

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“…This change has been explained by an accumulation of substances normally degraded by the microbiome (Ishikawa et al, 1989). In germfree chicks, a change in the normal body temperature was noted which was slightly higher than that of chicks with normal microflora (Harrison and Hewitt, 1978).…”

Section: Gut Microbiome and Host Digestive Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of gut microbiome in improving animal health and productivity

Das¹,

Ranjan²

2020

ijah

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The gut microbiome comprises of a complex combination of microbes which includes archaea, bacteria, fungi, protozoa, helminths and viruses. The mammalian gastro-intestinal tract harbors this complex ecosystem in equilibrium with the host immune system. This organized and long-lasting process of colonization by microorganisms has developed into flourishing relationships creating diverse environment within the host gut. The most magnificent feature of this commensal relationship is that the host requires commensal microorganisms to get colonized in gastrointestial tract (GIT) for its own development and health. The present review article will focus on various aspects of gut microbial colonization and their influence on the host organ systems in relation to its role in various morphological changes occurring within the host leading to improvement in health and productivity of animals.

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The influence of the conventional microflora on the body temperature of the chick

Cited by 9 publications

References 6 publications

Modification of energy metabolism by the presence of the gut microflora in the chicken

Modification of energy metabolism by the presence of the gut microflora in the chicken

The functionality of the gastrointestinal microbiome in non-human animals

Role of gut microbiome in improving animal health and productivity

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