The influence of the conditions of ion exchange in CuSO4:Na2SO4 melt on the optical properties of surface layers of silicate glass

Influences of copper–potassium ion exchange process on the optical bandgaps and spectroscopic properties of Cr3+/Yb3+ co-doped in lanthanum aluminosilicate glasses

“…21 For example, in many previous researches [22][23][24] as well as in our recent work, 25 it was shown that the coinage ions introduced by the ion exchange processes could signicantly affect the optical properties of the glasses such as the refractive index, the optical density, the nearinfrared emission spectrum, or even chemically strengthen the glasses 26,27 as well as modify glass structure. 28 Through the ion exchange process, the Cu + and Cu 2+ ions, as well as Ag + ions, could be ejected into the surfaces of the glasses, 22,24,[29][30][31][32] then become neutral copper or/and silver atoms and grow into copper or/and silver nanoparticles (CuNPs or/and AgNPs). 24,29,32 Therefore, the ion exchange process between copper or/and silver cations and alkali cations to enhance the luminescence of Cr 3+ /RE 3+ co-doped has been studied in recent times.…”

“…28 Through the ion exchange process, the Cu + and Cu 2+ ions, as well as Ag + ions, could be ejected into the surfaces of the glasses, 22,24,[29][30][31][32] then become neutral copper or/and silver atoms and grow into copper or/and silver nanoparticles (CuNPs or/and AgNPs). 24,29,32 Therefore, the ion exchange process between copper or/and silver cations and alkali cations to enhance the luminescence of Cr 3+ /RE 3+ co-doped has been studied in recent times. 21,29,33 In this paper, we study the inuences of the ion exchange process between copper and potassium on the optical bandgaps and spectroscopic properties of Cr 3+ /Yb 3+ co-doped in…”

Structural effects of incorporating Cu+and Cu2+ions into silicate bioactive glasses using molecular dynamics simulations

“…Then, the ions are reduced partially into their Cu + state due to the singly charged vacancies of alkali ions in the glass network. 116 It is likely that by increasing the concentration of divalent Cu salt, fewer Cu 2+ ions will tend to be located near lone electron pairs of NBO atoms. From our results, the Cu 2+ ions are assumed to form four short ionic bonds and two long polarized covalent bonds.…”

“…When a melt of Cu 2+ salt is used for implanting Cu into the glass, the Cu 2+ ions initially are predominately incorporated into glass. Then, the ions are reduced partially into their Cu + state due to the singly charged vacancies of alkali ions in the glass network 123 . It is likely that by increasing the concentration of divalent Cu salt, fewer Cu 2+ ions will tend to be located near lone electron pairs of NBO atoms.…”