The Influence of the Cerebellum in Cat Penicillin Epilepsy

Hutton, J. Thomas; Frost, James D.; Foster, Jewel

doi:10.1111/j.1528-1157.1972.tb04580.x

Cited by 91 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Numerous animal studies have demonstrated that electrical stimulation of the cerebellum may abort electrically or chemically induced seizures and drastically alter the electrophysiological profile of the neuronal tissue in vitro and in vivo. 1,2,5,8,[13][14][15]19,21,22,26,28,30,35,38,39,41,42,48,49,52,53 However, there are several issues that remain to be resolved and important questions that need to be answered.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They drew the conclusions that vermian and superomedial cortical stimulation appeared to be more efficient than lateral cortical stimulation, and that CS seemed more effective in models of generalized or focal epilepsy of the limbic system than those of focal epilepsy of the sensorimotor cerebral cortex. In our current review, it appears that CS of deep structures has been used in only 3 animal experimental studies, and in 2 of these there was inhibition of seizure activity, 1,28 whereas in the other study there was no effect. 26 Interestingly, stimulation of the dentate nucleus showed seizure inhibition in one study, 28 no effect on seizure activity in another, 26 and prolongation of seizure duration in the third.…”

Section: Animal Experimental Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Similarly, Hutton et al, 28 working with cats in a penicillin-induced seizure model, found that stimulation of the cerebellar vermis, the paramedian lobulus, and the dentate nucleus resulted in seizure inhibition. Dow et al…”

Section: Animal Experimental Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cerebellar stimulation in the management of medically intractable epilepsy: a systematic and critical review

Fountas¹,

Kapsalaki²,

Hadjigeorgiou

2010

FOC

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Object The wide application of deep brain stimulation in the management of movement as well as other degenerative neurological and psychiatric disorders has renewed the interest in using deep brain stimulation in the management of medically intractable epilepsy. Various stimulation targets have been used with significantly varying results in aborting seizure activity. Electrical cerebellar stimulation (CS) has been used for more than 50 years in the management of epilepsy, with conflicting results. In the current study, the authors review the pertinent literature to outline the role of CS in the management of medically refractory epilepsy. Methods The PubMed medical database was systematically searched for the following terms: “cerebellar,” “epilepsy,” “stimulation,” and “treatment,” and all their combinations. Case reports were excluded from this study. Results The pertinent articles were categorized into 2 large groups: animal experimental and human clinical studies. Particular emphasis on the following aspects was given when reviewing the human clinical studies: their methodological characteristics, the number of participants, their seizure types, the implantation technique and its associated complications, the exact stimulation target, the stimulation technique, the seizure outcome, and the patients' psychological and social poststimulation status. Three clinical double-blind studies were found, with similar implantation surgical technique, stimulation target, and stimulation parameters, but quite contradictory results. Two of these studies failed to demonstrate any significant seizure reduction, whereas the third one showed a significant poststimulation decrease in seizure frequency. All possible factors responsible for these differences in the findings are analyzed in the present study. Conclusions Cerebellar stimulation seems to remain a stimulation target worth exploring for defining its potential in the treatment of medically intractable epilepsy, although the data from the double-blind clinical studies that were performed failed to establish a clear benefit in regard to seizure frequency. A large-scale, double-blind clinical study is required for accurately defining the efficacy of CS in epilepsy treatment.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Animal Experimental Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cerebellar stimulation in the management of medically intractable epilepsy: a systematic and critical review

Fountas¹,

Kapsalaki²,

Hadjigeorgiou

2010

FOC

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“…The EEG findings later were confirmed by Cooke and Snider (1953). Several subsequent animal studies showed favorable effects of surface or deep cerebellar stimulation on inhibiting seizures in animal models (Dow et al, 1962;Hutton et al, 1972;Babb et al, 1974;Strain et al, 1978). Stimulation of the paramedian lobule at 300 Hz (Cooke and Snider, 1955;Iwata and Snider, 1959), and also the fastigial deep nucleus, inhibited electrically induced seizures in cortex and hippocampus.…”

Section: Cerebellar Stimulation For Epilepsymentioning

confidence: 81%

Deep brain stimulation for epilepsy

Fisher

2013

Handbook of Clinical Neurology

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“…Moruzzi und Magoun fanden eine Verminderung der Dezerebrationsstarre bei Ratten durch Hochfrequenzstimulation des Kleinhirns [76]. Daraufhin wurden in verschiedenen Institutionen Tierversuche zur Anfallskontrolle durch Kleinhirnstimulation durchgeführt, die sowohl positive [5,42,51] als auch negative [47,62,79] Ergebnisse brachten. Cooper et alversuchten schließ-lich 1970, menschliche Anfälle mit Kleinhirnstimulation zu behandeln und berichteten über Anfallsfreiheit bei 27% der Probanden in unkontrollierten Fallserien [27,28,29].Diese Resultate konnten jedoch in doppelblind kontrollierten Studien [110,127] nicht bestätigt werden.…”

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Elektrische Hirnstimulation in der Epilepsietherapie

et al. 2003

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Attempts to control epileptic seizures by electrical brain stimulation have been performed for 50 years. Many different stimulation targets and methods have been investigated. Vagal nerve stimulation (VNS) is now approved for the treatment of refractory epilepsies by several governmental authorities in Europe and North America. However, it is mainly used as a palliative method when patients do not respond to medical treatment and epilepsy surgery is not possible. Numerous studies of the effect of deep brain stimulation (DBS) on epileptic seizures have been performed and almost invariably report remarkable success. However, a limited number of controlled studies failed to show a significant effect. Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) also was effective in open studies, and controlled studies are now being carried out. In addition, several uncontrolled reports describe successful treatment of refractory status epilepticus with electroconvulsive therapy (ECT). In summary, with the targets and stimulation parameters investigated so far, the effects of electrical brain stimulation on seizure frequency have been moderate at best. In the animal laboratory, we are now testing high-intensity, low-frequency stimulation of white matter tracts directly connected to the epileptogenic zone (e.g., fornix, corpus callosum) as a new methodology to increase the efficacy of DBS ("overdrive method").

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The Influence of the Cerebellum in Cat Penicillin Epilepsy

Cited by 91 publications

References 12 publications

Cerebellar stimulation in the management of medically intractable epilepsy: a systematic and critical review

Cerebellar stimulation in the management of medically intractable epilepsy: a systematic and critical review

Deep brain stimulation for epilepsy

Elektrische Hirnstimulation in der Epilepsietherapie

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