The Influence of Temperature on Degradation of Oil and Gas Tubing Made of L80-1 Steel

Abstract

Corrosion in the oil and gas industry is very common due to the simultaneous action of a chemically active environment, temperature, and other non-chemical factors, for example, mechanical erosion by friction, and for these reasons corrosion is a very complex process. Corrosion at higher temperatures is an important aspect when extracting natural gas from a field with high temperatures (120 °C in the Lubiatow deposit and 180 °C in the gas well in Kutno). Water in the reservoir is often in the form of steam, with a pressure of about 25 MPa; as a result of its extraction, it cools down, which causes condensation. Condensed water in contact with the acid components of the gas causes corrosion, especially in the presence of aggressive gases, such as CO2 and H2S. Therefore, the aim of the work was to conduct research on the influence of water condensation, as a result of temperature changes in gasses containing CO2 and H2S on the corrosion of L80-1 steel at the junction of extraction pipes with casing pipes. The tests are carried out at temperatures of 65–95 °C, under a pressure of 7.5 MPa, so in quite aggressive conditions. The duration of the studies was 720 h (within a month). The results of the research allowed an answer to be provided for the question of what influence temperature, gas components, and pressure have on the corrosion of the well construction material. Moreover, the results clearly showed the selection of the material for the well, in order to prevent corrosion in aggressive environments.

Monitoring and Preventing Failures of Transmission Pipelines at Oil and Natural Gas Plants

“…As a result of hydrogen accumulation at the front of the cracking, cyclic deformations caused by friction of the surface layer lead to the formation and development of numerous micro-cracks (Figure 7). They weaken the crystalline structure of the metal and cause chipping [34]. Transverse to the surface, the metallographic micro-sections of Figure 7 show the microstructure of the steel substrate of the sample segment and a layer of corrosion products.…”

“…There are various types of corrosion in the oil industry: uniform, non-uniform pitting, intergranular, subsurface and punctate. Electrochemical corrosion and corrosion result from chemical factors, i.e., the presence of oxygen, water, hydrogen sulfide or carbon dioxide [34][35][36][37][38][39]. The effects of corrosion processes, particularly pitting corrosion, can be the cause of failure, resulting from damage to the pipe at the site of deep pitting [40][41][42][43].…”

“…This layer is washed away over time, so the The economic benefits of implementing a comprehensive corrosion prevention strategy have long been recognised by the owners of facilities (mines). Corrosion prevention costs have been adopted in these industries with the belief that they typically represent one-tenth or less of the cost of replacing pipelines and operating equipment [34,50]. A 10:1 return on investment is rarely seen in business-however, it reflects the undeniable economic benefits of employing modern anti-corrosion technologies, such as the use of chemicals (inhibitors) or cathodic protection of pipelines and the plant [51].…”

Modal Analysis of Tubing Considering the Effect of Fluid–Structure Interaction

“…According to the data in Table 3, the influence trend of temperature on the natural frequency of tubing is similar to that of inlet pressure. The higher the temperature, the smaller the natural frequency of the tubing, which easily causes vibration [30]. With the increase of ambient temperature, the maximum displacement of tubing corresponding to each order increases.…”

Improving the Efficiency of Oil Recovery in Research and Development

“…In [45], the author deals with the issue of the influence of temperature on the gradation of oil pipes. Corrosion in the oil industry is an important aspect when extracting natural gas from a deposit with high temperatures [46].…”