The influence of temperature on some physical properties of dental composites

Bausch, J. Robert; Delange, C.; Davidson, C.L.

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2842.1981.tb00505.x

Cited by 96 publications

(60 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…[18][19][20] Increased resin temperature prior to and during polymerization leads to higher DC values for lightcured resin composites. 21 An increase in temperature during polymerization promotes free radical and monomer mobility, leading to higher polymerization rates and elevated DC.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Temperature on the Degree of Conversion and Working Time of Dual-Cured Resin Cements Exposed to Different Curing Conditions

Oliveira¹,

César

Giannini³

et al. 2012

Operative Dentistry

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A high degree of conversion can be achieved when dual-cured resin cements are used with increased temperature even when the curing light is compromised by the presence of ceramic restorations. However, caution is recommended before the clinician decides to warm up the resin cement, as this procedure may compromise the working time, depending on the temperature and product. SUMMARYObjectives: This study evaluated the degree of conversion (DC) and working time (WT) of two commercial, dual-cured resin cements polymerized at varying temperatures and under different curing-light accessible conditions, using Fourier transformed infrared analysis (FTIR).Materials and Methods: Calibra (Cal; Dentsply Caulk) and Variolink II (Ivoclar Vivadent) were tested at 258C or preheated to 378C or 508C and applied to a similar-temperature surface of a horizontal attenuated-total-reflectance unit (ATR) attached to an infrared spectrometer. The products were polymerized using one of four conditions: direct light expo- ) through a glass slide or through a 1.5-or 3.0-mm-thick ceramic disc (A2 shade, IPS e.max, Ivoclar Vivadent) or allowed to self-cure in the absence of light curing. FTIR spectra were recorded for 20 min (1 spectrum/s, 16 scans/spectrum, resolution 4 cm À1 ) immediately after application to the ATR. DC was calculated using standard techniques of observing changes in aliphatic-to-aromatic peak ratios precuring and 20-min postcuring as well as during each 1-second interval. Time-based monomer conversion analysis was used to determine WT at each temperature. DC and WT data (n=6) were analyzed by two-way analysis of variance and Tukey post hoc test (p=0.05).Results: Higher temperatures increased DC regardless of curing mode and product. For Calibra, only the 3-mm-thick ceramic group showed lower DC than the other groups at 258C (p=0.01830), while no significant difference was observed among groups at 378C and 508C. For Variolink, the 3-mm-thick ceramic group showed lower DC than the 1-mm-thick group only at 258C, while the self-cure group showed lower DC than the others at all temperatures (p=0.00001). WT decreased with increasing temperature: at 378C near 70% reduction and at 508C near 90% for both products, with WT reduction reaching clinically inappropriate times in some cases (p=0.00001).Conclusion: Elevated temperature during polymerization of dual-cured cements increased DC. WT was reduced with elevated temperature, but the extent of reduction might not be clinically acceptable.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Temperature on the Degree of Conversion and Working Time of Dual-Cured Resin Cements Exposed to Different Curing Conditions

Oliveira¹,

César

Giannini³

et al. 2012

Operative Dentistry

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“…[48][49] Polymerization temperature can interfere with the degree of conversion of monomers and consequently affect their properties. 22,50 Radical mobility increases with heating, leading to additional polymerization, which ensures good results for low viscosity systems. 25,[49][50] The adhesive PB did not show any statistical differences among the three temperatures.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Influence of Temperature of Three Adhesive Systems on Bonding to Ground Enamel

Sundfeld¹,

Giannini²,

Lovadino³

2008

Operative Dentistry

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The temperature of adhesive systems must be considered an important factor for the good clinical performance of bonding procedures. SUMMARYThis study evaluated the microtensile bond strength test (µT), micromorphology of resinenamel interface (RET) and etching patterns (EP) promoted by the etch-and-rinse adhesive, Prime&Bond NT (PB), and two self-etching adhesives, Clearfil SE Bond (SE) and Adper Prompt LPop (APR), to ground bovine enamel surfaces, when applied at temperatures of 5°C (C), 40°C (H) and 20°C (R). Materials and Methods. Sixty-three bovine incisors were randomly divided into nine experimental groups (n=7) according to adhesive systems and temperatures. The buccal enamel surfaces were flattened with 600-grit SiC paper and abraded with a diamond bur under watercooling. The adhesive systems were applied according to the manufacturer's instructions. After the restorative procedures, the specimens were sectioned into five slabs. Four slabs were prepared for µT and one for interface analysis. For etching pattern analysis, the remaining 16 bovine enamel fragments were used (n=2). The adhesives were applied and the surfaces were rinsed with organic solvents after application. The specimens for RET and EP analysis were prepared for SEM analysis. Results. No significant differences among the adhesives were found at R temperature. However, at 5°C, PB and APR presented lower bond strength than SE. At H temperature, higher bond strength was observed for PB than for APR and SE. At C and H temperature, formation of the interdiffusion zone was impaired and the treated enamel surfaces presented an undefined EP.

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“…17 Moreover, due to exothermic nature of the reaction polymerization reaction itself dissipates the heat; therefore, the reaction is temperature and mass dependent. The experiment conducted by Bausch et al 16 demonstrated that the effect of temperature on free radical polymerization is of considerable importance to structure of resulting polymer. Mechanical properties of composites were remarkably improved with the rise in curing temperature.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…15 Bausch et al 16 explained that in dental composite resin system two polymerization reactions take place: 1. Formation of long polymer chains 2.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of the Flexural Strength of Submicron Hybrid Composite using Different Fabrication Methods: An in vitro Study

Sethi

Makkar

Kanwar

et al. 2018

The Journal of Contemporary Dental Practice

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Aim:The aim of this study is to perform three-point bend test on submicron hybrid composite fabricated with direct and indirect veneer technique. Materials and methods:A total of 20 maxillary anterior teeth were selected, and labial reduction of 0.5 to 0.75 mm with a chamfered finish line for veneer preparation was done. Teeth were divided into two groups depending on fabrication technique being used: group I-veneers fabricated with light and group II-veneers fabricated with light and heat (PHOTOPOL). Specimens were tested under universal testing machine (UTM) where load was applied at a crosshead speed of 1 mm/min with a pointer of 1 mm diameter. Data were statistically analyzed. Results:The results showed highly significant difference between the two groups with the mean value of group I (246.7 ± 2.285 N) and group II (531.1 ± 4.411 N). Conclusion:The curing mechanism involving light and heat increases the fracture resistance of the veneers.Clinical significance: Within the limitations of this study, the results led to the conclusion that the association of common composites with a simple postcure heat treatment may be an alternative for current indirect composite systems, although more studies are needed to assess other properties of the composites for this application.

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The influence of temperature on some physical properties of dental composites

Cited by 96 publications

References 7 publications

Effect of Temperature on the Degree of Conversion and Working Time of Dual-Cured Resin Cements Exposed to Different Curing Conditions

Effect of Temperature on the Degree of Conversion and Working Time of Dual-Cured Resin Cements Exposed to Different Curing Conditions

The Influence of Temperature of Three Adhesive Systems on Bonding to Ground Enamel

Evaluation of the Flexural Strength of Submicron Hybrid Composite using Different Fabrication Methods: An in vitro Study

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