The Influence of Temperature and Salinity on the Condition of Oysters (<i>Ostrea virginica</i>)

Medcof, J. C.; Needler, A. W. H.

doi:10.1139/f40-028

Cited by 21 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…In bivalves it has been reported that rapid fluctuations in salinity can reduce the tolerance to changes in other variables, such as t;emperature, and ventilatory recovery may take several days (Medcof & Needier 1941;Bernard 1983). Within a salinity regime, temperature has been reported as an important variable controlling growth rate (Kautsky 1982;Jones, Arthur & AUard, 1989).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phenotypic response of a cohort of Ostrea chilensis (Philippi 1845) to differing environmental conditions in three oyster farms in southern Chile

Tore

1996

Aquaculture Research

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Offspring from a mass spawning of the Chilean oyster Ostrea cMensis (Philippi) were reared in three locations, at two depths and three densities along the east coast of Chiloe Island, southern Chile, to test for the presence of genotype-environment interaction for growth rate and the effect of environmental variables on shell growth. Site, density and depth effects and their interactions upon shell length variation at 26 months of age were all statistically significant (P < 0.05). These results indicate that sibling oysters perform differently in different environments, densities and depths. The shell length of 0. cMensis in the three different environments may be limited by food supply when the abiotic variables are in the range of tolerance for the species. Salinity was the most important factor limiting the shell growth of 0. chilensis in the Quempillen estuary. Thus, in breeding programmes, it is recommended that the testing of stocks and their offsprings' performance should be carried out on the farm to ensure that the selection criteria are valid.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phenotypic response of a cohort of Ostrea chilensis (Philippi 1845) to differing environmental conditions in three oyster farms in southern Chile

Tore

1996

Aquaculture Research

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“…Ostrea virginica Gmelin, 1791: 3336; Galtsoff, 1937: 356, 1938a: 461–486, 1938b: 75; 1940: 117–135; Walzl, 1937: 125–140; Nelson, 1938: 1–61, 1960: 163–203; Lunz, 1938: 367; Medcof, 1939: 287–301, 1944: 209–216; Loosanoff, 1939: 177–178; 1949: 122; Taylor, 1941: 278–281; Medcof & Needler, 1941: 253–257; Menzel, 1955: 69–153; Numachi, 1962: 211–217.…”

Section: Methodsunclassified

Revision of genusCrassostrea(Bivalvia: Ostreidae) of Brazil

Amaral

Simone

2014

J. Mar. Biol. Ass.

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The Ostreidae are well known for their high intra-specific variation, which makes identification problematic. The present paper aims to provide a morpho-anatomical and taxonomic review of the Brazilian species of Crassostrea, as well as some congeneric species from other relevant areas. The Brazilian species are Crassostrea mangle sp.nov. and Crassostrea brasiliana. The exotic species Crassostrea gigas, cultivated in the southern region of the country, is also included in this study. Additional species are: Crassostrea virginica, from the Atlantic coast of the USA, the type species, and Crassostrea rhizophorae, a south-eastern Caribbean species that is supposed to occur in Brazil, but is here understood as a different entity endemic to that region. Taking into account their economic importance, the differentiation between these species is critical, and is essential for a better planning of production and preservation strategies. We point out the differences in almost all structures amongst these species, which are formally redescribed herein. The occurrence of the African species Crassostrea gasar in Brazil is established as false. The voucher specimens of previous studies responsible for this assumption were examined, evidencing a misidentification for Crassostrea brasiliana from an estuarine environment. The geographical distribution of the studied species is recognized as follows: Crassostrea rhizophorae in the south-east Caribbean Sea; Crassostrea mangle sp. nov. from Pará to the Santa Catarina, only in mangroves; Crassostrea brasiliana from Paraíba to Santa Catarina, both in rocky shores and mangroves; Crassostrea virginica ranges from the Atlantic coast of Canada to the Caribbean; and Crassostrea gigas originates from the Indo-Pacific, but has been introduced in southern Brazil. This paper also deals with conchological aspects of the endemic species Crassostrea praia, from south Lagoa dos Patos, Rio Grande do Sul; after a more detailed definition, and considering the deleterious effects of the nearby port and construction sites, it can be classified as an endangered species.

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“…The life history and physiology of the eastern oyster makes this species well suited to the Lakes. While low salinities may at times stress oysters (Medcof and Needler, 1941;Bataller et al, 1999), this does not appear to be a major problem. The timing and quantities of oyster settlement in parts of the Bras d'Or Lakes are fairly predictable (McIsaac, 2000).…”

Section: Fig 12mentioning

confidence: 99%

Large Epibenthic Invertebrates in the Bras D’or Lakes

Tremblay

2002

Proc NSIS

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The distribution of large epibenthic invertebrates (lobster and crabs, bivalve molluscs and echinoderms) in the Bras d’Or Lakes is reviewed, and possible limiting factors are identified. The review is based on published and unpublished studies, including recent trawl surveys directed at fish, and trapping studies directed at American lobster Homarus americanus and green crab Carcinus maenas. The reduced salinities within the Lakes probably limit the distribution of several species (rock crab Cancer irroratus, sea scallop Placopecten magellanicus and possibly American lobster), particularly during the more sensitive larval period. Lobsters and eastern oysters Crassostrea virginica serve to illustrate the multiple factors limiting epibenthic invertebrate distribution within the Bras d’Or Lakes. Lobsters are less abundant within the Bras d’Or Lakes than on the outer coast of Cape Breton Island. Possible reasons are the reduced salinity and limited cobble bottom substrate in the Bras d’Or Lakes, coupled with low food availability and low egg production. Low egg production may be the result of overfishing of lobsters in the past. The life history and physiology of the eastern oyster appears to be well suited to the areas of the Lakes with warm summer temperatures. The oyster populations in the Bras d’Or Lakes are limited by natural predators (e.g. starfish and green crab), competitors (e.g. blue mussel Mytilus edulis and M. trossulus), and overfishing. The green crab, a new arrival to the Bras d’Or Lakes, will likely have negative effects on bivalves such as oysters, but the overall effect of green crab on the Bras d’Or Lakes food web is difficult to predict. Recent trawl surveys indicate both sea urchins Strongylocentrotus droebachiensis and starfish are present in considerable abundance, but little is known about their ecological roles in the Bras d’Or Lakes.La distribution des grands invertébrés épibenthique (les homards et les crabes, les mollusques bivalves et les échinodermes) dans les lacs du Bras d’Or est examinée et les coefficients possiblement limitatifs sont identifies. La revue est basée sur des études publiées et non-publiées englobant les plus récentesétudes sur la pêche au chalut dirigées vers les poissons et les études sur la pêche aux casiers dirigées vers les homards américains Homarus americanus et les crabes verts Carcinus maenas. Salinités réduites dans les lacs du Bras d’Or limitent probablement la distribution de quelques espèces crabes roches Cancer irroratus, pétoncle géant Placopecten magellanicus et possiblement le homard américain, en particulier, pendent l’époque sensible du larvaire. Les homards et les huîtres de l’Est Crossostrea virginica montrent plusieurs facteurs coefficients limitatifs de la distribution des invertébrés épibenthique dan les lacs du Bras d’Or. Les homards sont moins abondants ici que sur la côte extérieure de L’Ille du Cap Breton. Des explications possibles sont la réduction de l’eau saline du pavé rond limite dans le substratum de lacs, ainsi que la pauvre disponibilité de mangé et la production basse des oeufs. Cette dernière est peut-être le résultat d’un trop grand prise de homards au passè. L’histoire et la physiologie des huîtres semblent être bien adaptés aux lieux des lacs de Bras d’Or, qui ont des temperatures chaudes dan l’été. La population des huîtres dans les lacs est limitée par des proies natures ( ie étoiles de mer et les crabes verts) compétiteurs ( ie. Moules bleus Mytilus edulis et M. trossulus) et une trop grande prise de poissons. Le crabe vert, une arrivée nouvelle dans les lacs du Bras d’Or va sans doute avoir des impacts négatifs sur les bivalues comme les huîtres, mais leurs impacts en general sur la chaîne nutritive est difficile à prédire. Les études les plus recents sur la pêche au chalut montrent qu’il y a ungrand nombre d’oursins de mer Strongylocentrotus droebachiensis et des étoiles de mer, mais on ne connait pas quel est leur rôle écologique dans les lacs du Bras d’Or.

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The Influence of Temperature and Salinity on the Condition of Oysters (Ostrea virginica)

Cited by 21 publications

References 0 publications

Phenotypic response of a cohort of Ostrea chilensis (Philippi 1845) to differing environmental conditions in three oyster farms in southern Chile

Phenotypic response of a cohort of Ostrea chilensis (Philippi 1845) to differing environmental conditions in three oyster farms in southern Chile

Revision of genusCrassostrea(Bivalvia: Ostreidae) of Brazil

Large Epibenthic Invertebrates in the Bras D’or Lakes

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