The Influence of subway climatology on gas dispersion and the effectiveness of guided evacuations in a complex subway station

Brune, M.; Charlton, James; Pflitsch, Andreas; Agnew, Brian

doi:10.1127/metz/2016/0726

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…On the other hand, initial airflows are generated by piston effects or pressure differences and affect later movements of fire smokes in an initial period [250]. For a reasonable and effective evacuation strategy, it is indispensable to study the background airflows in subway microenvironments [20,21]. The strategy "go up and take the nearest exit to the surface" may not be the best response, because fire smokes or toxic airborne substances tend to use the same routes as fleeing passengers [248].…”

Section: Wind Environmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For CFD combined with pedestrian simulations with tracer gas experiments [254], dynamic evacuation systems based on subway climatology take into account locations of passengers, transmissions of air pollutants, and subway climate at that time. These systems can identify the most endangered areas and guide passengers via an adaptive route using audio and visual techniques [20,21,248].…”

Section: Complex Airflowsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Environmental and Health Effects of Ventilation in Subway Stations: A Literature Review

Wen

Leng

Shen

et al. 2020

IJERPH

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Environmental health in subway stations, a typical type of urban underground space, is becoming increasingly important. Ventilation is the principal measure for optimizing the complex physical environment in a subway station. This paper narratively reviews the environmental and health effects of subway ventilation and discusses the relevant engineering, environmental, and medical aspects in combination. Ventilation exerts a notable dual effect on environmental health in a subway station. On the one hand, ventilation controls temperature, humidity, and indoor air quality to ensure human comfort and health. On the other hand, ventilation also carries the potential risks of spreading air pollutants or fire smoke through the complex wind environment as well as produces continuous noise. Assessment and management of health risks associated with subway ventilation is essential to attain a healthy subway environment. This, however, requires exposure, threshold data, and thereby necessitates more research into long-term effects, and toxicity as well as epidemiological studies. Additionally, more research is needed to further examine the design and maintenance of ventilation systems. An understanding of the pathogenic mechanisms and aerodynamic characteristics of various pollutants can help formulate ventilation strategies to reduce pollutant concentrations. Moreover, current comprehensive underground space development affords a possibility for creating flexible spaces that optimize ventilation efficiency, acoustic comfort, and space perception.

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Section: Wind Environmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Complex Airflowsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental and Health Effects of Ventilation in Subway Stations: A Literature Review

Wen

Leng

Shen

et al. 2020

IJERPH

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“…Numerical simulations were conducted to investigate the wind environment during the arrival and departure of trains on one side. According to previous studies, 40 the dynamic mesh method and transient solver (fixed time step, 0.01 s) were used to simulate the moving train. The standard k-ε model was utilized to model the turbulence flow.…”

Section: Models and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The measured and simulated results of location points of 1–3 were compared and analysed. Due to the complex airflow caused by the piston effect, hot pressure winds, subway climate 40 and passenger movement in subway stations, there is some inconsistency between simulated and measured transient wind velocities. Based on relevant studies, 17 , 38 the relative errors (maximum velocity, time-averaged velocity) below 15% were accepted based on the engineering application point of view.…”

Section: Models and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integrated design for underground space environment control of subway stations with atriums using piston ventilation

Wen

Leng

et al. 2020

Indoor and Built Environment

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In subway stations, the piston effect plays an important role in enhancing ventilation to improve subway environment and reduce energy consumption. However, it may induce negative impacts on environmental health and thermal comfort, i.e. air pollution and strong wind. Traditionally, the architecture and ventilation systems are designed separately, and normal ventilation design follows architectural layout. Actually, the architecture design can have a significant influence on the ventilation performance, e.g. airflow pattern. Therefore, this study aims to integrate the design pattern of the architecture with an appropriate ventilation system. A typical subway station of Nanjing (in China) was considered. A dynamic-mesh based computational fluid dynamics (CFD) method was adopted to simulate ventilation performance in the presence of piston effect. Field measurements were conducted to validate the numerical method. New measures were proposed from the perspectives of architectural design to improve the ventilation effect, including enlarging atrium space, adding atrium vents and funnel-shaped exits, etc. The numerical results show that the optimal architectural design could provide a significant improvement towards the airflow environment and ventilation efficiency while avoiding serious air pollution. The proposed integrated-design pattern could further facilitate the creation of an ‘energy-saving’ and ‘healthy’ underground space environment.

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“…Underground metro stations (UMSs) are the basic entrance of occupants to the metro services and they are a special kind of buildings built beneath the ground. Because these stations are built under the ground, their indoor environment and energy efficiency are more difficult to maintain than traditional buildings [4][5][6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A review on available energy saving strategies for heating, ventilation and air conditioning in underground metro stations

You

Zhang

et al. 2021

Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews

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The Influence of subway climatology on gas dispersion and the effectiveness of guided evacuations in a complex subway station

Cited by 7 publications

References 0 publications

Environmental and Health Effects of Ventilation in Subway Stations: A Literature Review

Environmental and Health Effects of Ventilation in Subway Stations: A Literature Review

Integrated design for underground space environment control of subway stations with atriums using piston ventilation

A review on available energy saving strategies for heating, ventilation and air conditioning in underground metro stations

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