The influence of solar variability and the quasi-biennial oscillation on lower atmospheric temperatures and sea level pressure

Roy, Indrani; Haigh, Joanna D.

doi:10.5194/acp-11-11679-2011

Cited by 28 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…T T and QBO anomalies correlate positively between 20 • S and 20 • N and are statistically significant for most bins. There are also some statistically significant areas at southern hemispheric mid and high latitudes, which agree well with results of Roy and Haigh (2011).…”

Section: Inter-annual Variabilitysupporting

confidence: 81%

Characteristics of tropopause parameters as observed with GPS radio occultation

et al. 2014

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Abstract. Characteristics of the lapse rate tropopause are analyzed globally for tropopause altitude and temperature using global positioning system (GPS) radio occultation (RO) data from late 2001 to the end of 2013. RO profiles feature high vertical resolution and excellent quality in the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere, which are key factors for tropopause determination, including multiple ones. RO data provide measurements globally and allow examination of both temporal and spatial tropopause characteristics based entirely on observational measurements. To investigate latitudinal and longitudinal tropopause characteristics, the mean annual cycle, and inter-annual variability, we use tropopauses from individual profiles as well as their statistical measures for zonal bands and 5 • × 10 • bins. The latitudinal structure of first tropopauses shows the well-known distribution with high (cold) tropical tropopauses and low (warm) extra-tropical tropopauses. In the transition zones (20 to 40 • N/S), individual profiles reveal varying tropopause altitudes from less than 7 km to more than 17 km due to variability in the subtropical tropopause break. In this region, we also find multiple tropopauses throughout the year. Longitudinal variability is strongest at northern hemispheric mid latitudes and in the Asian monsoon region. The mean annual cycle features changes in amplitude and phase, depending on latitude. This is caused by different underlying physical processes (such as the Brewer-Dobson circulation -BDC) and atmospheric dynamics (such as the strong polar vortex in the southern hemispheric winter). Inter-annual anomalies of tropopause parameters show signatures of El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO), the quasi-biennial oscillation (QBO), and the varying strength of the polar vortex, including sudden stratospheric warming (SSW) events. These results are in good agreement with previous studies and underpin the high utility of the entire RO record for investigating latitudinal, longitudinal, and temporal tropopause characteristics globally.

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Section: Inter-annual Variabilitysupporting

confidence: 81%

Characteristics of tropopause parameters as observed with GPS radio occultation

et al. 2014

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“…Brief cooling roughly coeval with the Oort Minimum occurs in the Mediterranean sites 6, 13, 21, 37, 59, AA1, and AA3 (Figures 3, 5, S2, S3, S4, and S9). The physical processes that may link solar activity, ocean cycles and climate are still very much unclear but are being actively researched (e.g., Arblaster & Meehl, 2006;Hassan et al, 2016;Kuroda & Kodera, 2005;Li & Xiao, 2018;Mehta & Lau, 1997;Nuzhdina, 2002;Roy & Haigh, 2011;Salas et al, 2016;Yan et al, 2011). Nevertheless, a large amount of empirical evidence has been published which suggests a significant solarforced component in Mediterranean palaeotemperatures.…”

Section: Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatologymentioning

confidence: 99%

The Medieval Climate Anomaly in the Mediterranean Region

Lüning¹,

Schulte

Garcés‐Pastor

et al. 2019

Paleoceanog and Paleoclimatol

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The Medieval Climate Anomaly (MCA) is a preindustrial phase of pronounced natural climate variability with a core period from 1000 to 1200 CE. The paper presents a synthesis that integrates palaeotemperature records from the Greater Mediterranean Region encompassing the past 1,500 years based on multiproxy data from 79 published land and marine sites. MCA warming dominated the Western Mediterranean (Iberia, NW Africa) as well as the northern land areas of the Central and Eastern Mediterranean region. MCA cooling prevailed in the Canary Current Upwelling System, southern Levant, and some sea areas of the Central and Eastern Mediterranean. Previous palaeoreconstructions suggest persistent positive Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation (AMO+) and North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO+) conditions during the MCA, while the Little Ice Age was dominated by an AMO− and NAO− regime. During the past 150 years, AMO+ conditions are typically associated with warming episodes in the Mediterranean area. A similar relationship appears to have also been established during the MCA as the majority of all Mediterranean land sites experienced warm climate conditions. In contrast, the NAO typically leads to a characteristic west‐east temperature dipole pattern in the basin, as documented for the last decades. During NAO+ conditions the Western Mediterranean is generally warm (and dry), while large parts of the Central and Eastern Mediterranean are cold. Similar trends seem to have been developed during the MCA when the NAO+ regime led to consistent warming in the Western Mediterranean, while a significant number of sites with MCA cooling existed in the Central and Eastern Mediterranean.

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“…cycle forcing with, e.g., QBO and/or ENSO, could be important (e.g. Salby and Callaghan, 2000;Pascoe et al, 2005;Labitzke et al, 2006;Haigh and Roscoe, 2006;2009;Roscoe and Haigh, 2007;Camp and Tung, 2007;Kuroda, 2007;Lu et al, 2009;Calvo and Marsh, 2011;Roy and Haigh, 2011;Matthes et al, 2013). Therefore, we refrain here from judging unambiguously which technique performs better in the detection of the solar responses.…”

Section: Ensemble Yearly Mean Temperature and Zonal Wind Response 10mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, the solar cycle forcing itself might influence various atmospheric forcings and processes. Indications of such non-linear interactions have been found in observations and/or models (see for instance : Salby and Callaghan, 2000;Gray et al, 2004;Pascoe et al, 2005;Labitzke et al, 2006;Haigh and Roscoe, 2006;2009;Roscoe and Haigh, 2007;Camp and Tung, 2007;Kuroda, 2007;Lu et al, 2009;Calvo and Marsh;2011, Roy andHaigh, 2011;20 Matthes et al, 2013). However, given the relatively short length of the satellite record there are still large uncertainties surrounding the derived relationships (e.g.…”

Section: Solar Cycle Response Over the Recent Past In The Individual mentioning

confidence: 99%

Simulating the atmospheric response to the 11-year solar cycle forcing with the UM-UKCA model: the role of detection method and natural variability

Bednarz¹,

Maycock²,

Telford³

et al. 2018

Preprint

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The 11-year solar cycle forcing is recognised as a potentially important atmospheric forcing; however, there remain uncertainties in characterising the effects of the solar variability on the atmosphere from observations and models. Here we 15 present the first detailed assessment of the atmospheric response to the 11-year solar cycle in the UM-UKCA chemistryclimate model using an ensemble of integrations over the recent past. Comparison of the model simulations is made with observations and reanalysis. Importantly, in contrast to the majority of previous studies of the solar cycle impacts, we pay particular attention to the role of detection method by comparing the results diagnosed using both a composite and a multiple linear regression method. We show that stratospheric solar responses diagnosed using both techniques largely agree with 20 each other within the associated uncertainties; however, the results show that apparently different signals can be identified by the methods in the troposphere and in the tropical lower stratosphere. Lastly, we focus on the role of internal atmospheric variability on the detection of the 11-year solar responses by comparing the results diagnosed from individual model ensemble members (as opposed to those diagnosed from the full ensemble). We show overall agreement between the ensemble members in the tropical and mid-latitude mid-stratosphere-to-lower-mesosphere, but larger apparent differences at 25 NH high latitudes during the dynamically active season. Our results highlight the need for long data sets for confident detection of solar cycle impacts in the atmosphere, as well as for more research on possible interdependence of the solar cycle forcing with other atmospheric forcings and processes (e.g. QBO, ENSO… etc.).Atmos. Chem. Phys. Discuss., https://doi

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The influence of solar variability and the quasi-biennial oscillation on lower atmospheric temperatures and sea level pressure

Cited by 28 publications

References 29 publications

Characteristics of tropopause parameters as observed with GPS radio occultation

Characteristics of tropopause parameters as observed with GPS radio occultation

The Medieval Climate Anomaly in the Mediterranean Region

Simulating the atmospheric response to the 11-year solar cycle forcing with the UM-UKCA model: the role of detection method and natural variability

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