The Influence of Soil Temperature and Phosphorus Fertilizers of Different Water‐Solubilities on the Yield and Phosphorus Uptake by Oats

Case, V. W.; Brady, N. C.; Lathwell, D. J.

doi:10.2136/sssaj1964.03615995002800030032x

Cited by 14 publications

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“…In 1,964 and 1965 the plots were harvested on the same date, but in 1966 they were cut at the same stage of heading. ln 1966 on the first date of cutting there was little effect of soil temperature on yield from the unfertilized soil, and a marked and unexplainable reduction in yield with an YIELD OF HERBAGE MT,/HA 4. Yield of herbage from unfertilized arld annually fertilized (N + P 1-K) plots in relation to the mean soil temperature (50-cm depth).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1964 Mav 1 -O:t. 4 1965 May 1 -O:t. 4 1966 NIay 1 -O,:t. 4 10.9 flhe'periods fbr the dara presented coiircide wilh the harvested periods for 7r, ?r, and Tz in t964 and 1965 and lor T2 in 1966. In 1966, tlLe date of harvest for ?t lvas later, June 17, and for ?a it rvas Juue 1.…”

Section: Methods and Environmental Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1964 \tla_v 1 -Oct. 4 1965 Ma1' 1 -Oct. 4 1966 May 1 -O:t. 4 3-year averagr: Accumu lated de gree-days$ Growing season:…”

Section: Methods and Environmental Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Yield of Bromegrass and Removal of Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium Under Modified Soil-Temperature Field Conditions

Mack¹

1971

Can. J. Soil. Sci.

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In a 3-year field experiment with bromegrass similar at all three soil temperatu-res. In grown under low m^oisture stress (( 2 itm), contrast to the effect on herbilge.yield, root iotut fr"rbug" yield from unfertiliied plois accumulation was much gre,atrlr-in the^cool *ui .i4"."? 6y 39Vo when the uveirag" soil (30J metric tons per ha, 0 to 30 cm seasonal soil temperature (14.1 C at a 50-crn depth) than in the seasonal soil (22'7 MT/ defth) was lowered and maintained at9.2 C; ha) or in-the warm soil (12.1-MT/ha). An th6 yield was increased by 71,% when the increase in concentration of the major seasonal temperature was raised and main-nutrients (N, P,-K) in the plants coincided tained at 25:4 C. This represents a change with the greater herbage growth on the warm in yielJ of 6.8% p"r i t change in tf,e soil. The-changes in lptake for N, P and K seasonal soil tempeAtuIe, or a Q,o of 7.3 at per 1 C change of, the-seasonal tempelature 9.2 C. Herbage grown on the-warm soils were 8.7, 10.4 and 1,.lVo, respe,ctlvely, and continued thro=ugh-out the season until fall. the associated Q-ro values.were 1.5, 1.6 a-nd but growth on ihe cool soils was negligible 1.4 zt 9.2 C. After growin-g lr1om-egrass for after the first har-vest in June. Addit"ioi of three years, the amount of NO"-N mineral-N, P and K to the soil in the spring reduced ized for subsequent"crops weLs low in soil itb "n". (Fig. 1) present one of the experimental parameters under which the results on growth and nutrient uptake were conducted.These moisture release characteristics were used as a basis for determining the available moisture content calculated at l/3-atm and 15-atm tensions.The moisture extraction pattern (Fig. 2) (Table 1) shows that a moisture differential was obtained between the three regimes within each temperature condition. The summary data show also that the moisture contents achieved for a particular moisture regime (e.9., M") were reasonably similar at all three soil temperatures, not only for the entire growing season but also for the mid-season extending from the first to the second harvest, when evapotranspiration would be near maximum for the year. The amounts of water required to maintain each regime under the three different temperature conditions are presented also and show the much greater amount required to maintain the moisture at a particular level when the temperature is raised.In each of the three years, 1964 to L966, daily soil temperatures (50'cm depth) in the warm plots (7") with high moisture (M") were consistently higher than in comparable cool plots (Fig. 3) For personal use only.were taken when the ;-ffi *^"'* ffi; #l.a r,.uoi,,g ""u "r::

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methods and Environmental Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Yield of Bromegrass and Removal of Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium Under Modified Soil-Temperature Field Conditions

Mack¹

1971

Can. J. Soil. Sci.

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“…SST can reduce N mineralization rates ( Zak et al, 1999 ) and SRT can reduce N uptake ( Toselli et al, 1999 ). Total P uptake was shown to decrease with lower soil temperatures regardless of the solubility of the P fertilizer applied ( Case et al, 1964 ), likely due to reduced root growth limiting the capacity for nutrient interception ( Mackay and Barber, 1984 ). Nutrient deficiencies can decrease root hydraulic conductivity and affect the movement of water through the soil-plant-atmosphere continuum ( Clarkson et al, 2000 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tomato Rootstocks Mediate Plant-Water Relations and Leaf Nutrient Profiles of a Common Scion Under Suboptimal Soil Temperatures

et al. 2021

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Environments with short growing seasons and variable climates can have soil temperatures that are suboptimal for chilling-sensitive crops. These conditions can adversely affect root growth and physiological performance thus impairing water and nutrient uptake. Four greenhouse trials and a field study were conducted to investigate if rootstocks can enhance tomato performance under suboptimal soil temperatures (SST). In a controlled greenhouse environment, we exposed four commercial rootstocks (Estamino, Maxifort, RST-04-106-T, and Supernatural) grafted with a common scion (cv. BHN-589) to optimal (mean: 24°C) and SST (mean: 13.5°C) and compared their performance with the non-grafted BHN-589 cultivar. Several root and shoot physiological traits were evaluated: root hydraulic conductivity and conductance, root anatomy, leaf gas exchange, leaf δ13C, shoot C and N, and biomass. Under field conditions, the same five phenotypes were evaluated for canopy growth, normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), leaf nutrients, biomass, and yield. Under SST, root hydraulic conductivity (Lp) and conductance (KR), stomatal conductance (gs), and plant biomass decreased. Hydrostatic Lp decreased more than osmotic Lp (Lp∗hyd: 39–65%; Lp∗os: 14–40%) and some of the reduced conductivity was explained by the increased cortex area of primary roots observed under SST (67–140%). Under optimal soil temperatures, all rootstocks conferred higher gs than the non-grafted cultivar, but only two rootstocks maintained higher gs under SST. All phenotypes showed greater reductions in shoot biomass than root biomass resulting in greater (∼20%) root-to-shoot ratios. In the field, most grafted phenotypes increased early canopy cover, NDVI, shoot biomass, and fruit yield. Greenhouse results showed that Lp∗os may be less affected by SST than Lp∗hyd and that reductions in Lp may be offset by enhanced root-to-shoot ratios. We show that some commercial rootstocks possess traits that maintained better rates of stomatal conductance and shoot N content, which can contribute toward better plant establishment and improved performance under SST.

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“…Some researchers (Singh and Jones 1977) attributed this to soil processes, whereas others (Case et al 1964) attributed it to plant processes. Most probably, the phenomenon results from the balance between plant growth rate, root extension rate, soil P supply rate and fertilizer fixation rate (Grant et al 1972) .…”

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confidence: 99%

Shoot and Root Response of Wheat to Band and Broadcast Phosphorus at Varying Soil Temperatures

Sheppard¹,

Racz²

1985

Can. J. Soil. Sci.

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Snerrenu, S. C. eNo Re,cz, G. J. 1985. Shoot and root response of wheat to band and broadcast phosphorus at varying soil temperatures. Can. J. Soil Sci. 65:79-88.Response of spring wheat (Triticum aestivum) to varied amounts of broadcast and band-applied phosphorus (P) was examined at soil temperatures of 10, 15, 20 and 25'C. The research emphasized the response of shoot yields with time and the root proliferation in the band-applied P. A non-destructive technique to measure growth with time was developed. This method allowed interpretation of plant responses even though the temperature treatments markedly changed the rate of physiological development. The relative plant-shoot response to P application did not change with time or developmental stage in this experiment. There was a marked effect of temperature on plant response to band-applied P. Band application was more efficient than broadcast P at 10'C soil temperature, but less efficient at 25'C soil temperature.Root proliferation in the fertilizer band was significantly different from the control soil-zone only at 10'C and was not diminished by concurrent application ofbroadcast P. The efficiency of band application was confirmed with ?P labelling of the banded P. Banded

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The Influence of Soil Temperature and Phosphorus Fertilizers of Different Water‐Solubilities on the Yield and Phosphorus Uptake by Oats

Cited by 14 publications

References 0 publications

Yield of Bromegrass and Removal of Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium Under Modified Soil-Temperature Field Conditions

Yield of Bromegrass and Removal of Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium Under Modified Soil-Temperature Field Conditions

Tomato Rootstocks Mediate Plant-Water Relations and Leaf Nutrient Profiles of a Common Scion Under Suboptimal Soil Temperatures

Shoot and Root Response of Wheat to Band and Broadcast Phosphorus at Varying Soil Temperatures

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