The Influence of Sintering Pressure on the Preparation, Friction Properties, and Magnetic Properties of Ti2AlC-TiC and Ti3AlC2-TiC Composites Under High-Pressure and High-Temperature

Abstract

Due to their high melting point, low density, and affordable price, TiC ceramics have emerged as one of the most promising ultrahigh temperature structural materials. However, its development and usage are severely constrained by its weak mechanical characteristics. The Ti2AlC-TiC and Ti3AlC2-TiC composites were synthesized by using the laminated metal-ceramic Ti2AlC/Ti3AlC2 as the binder, combined with high-temperature and high-pressure sintering technology (GPa order of magnitude confinement system). The thermal analysis shows that the exothermic heat of Ti/1.2Al/2TiC is less than that of 3Ti/1.2Al/2C, 2Ti/1.2Al/C, and 3Ti/1.5Al/C. The ratio of Ti/1.2Al/2TiC can suppress the thermal explosion phenomenon during the sintering process and improve the safety of the high-pressure sintering process. XRD results showed that the main composition of the sintered products was Ti2AlC-TiC at 2∼3.5 GPa and Ti3AlC2-TiC at 4∼5 GPa. As the sintering pressure increased from 2 GPa to 5 GPa, the bonding phase changed from Ti2AlC to Ti3AlC2. The thickness of the synthetic Ti3AlC2 layer is near 0.1 µm under 5 GPa. The average friction coefficient of Ti2AlC-TiC composites sintered 2 GPa with POM is as low as 0.1767, while the average friction coefficient of Ti3AlC2-TiC composites with POM increased to 0.3468∼0.3797. The wear width of Ti2AlC-TiC is lower than that of Ti3AlC2-TiC composites sintered under 4–4.5 GPa. The wear width of Ti3AlC2-TiC composites decreases following the rise of sintering pressure and is reduced to 0.3504 mm under 5 GPa. Ti2AlC-TiC and Ti3AlC2-TiC composites with PP ball counterparts have friction coefficients of 0.375 to 0.45 and worse wear resistance than that of POM balls. Ti3AlC2-TiC composites synthesized at 5 GPa with a Cu ball had the smallest friction coefficient (0.4558) and the smallest wear scar width (0.6289 mm). The friction coefficients and wear widths of synthetics with Al pairs ranged from 0.48–0.697 and 0.851–1.087 mm, respectively, and varied irregularly with increasing sintering pressure. Ti2AlC-TiC composites synthesized at 2 GPa with agate and glass pairs have coefficients of friction of 0.5 and 0.61, respectively. Abrasion widths of Ti2AlC-TiC composites synthesized at 2 GPa with agate and glass pairs were 1.3 mm and 0.72 mm, respectively. The friction coefficient of synthetics with agate and glass pairs increases with increasing sintering pressure. The magnetization and magnetization intensity of the Ti3AlC2-TiC composites are stronger than those of Ti3AlC2. Ti2AlC-TiC and Ti3AlC2-TiC composites held promise to serve in the field of ceramic grinding processing applications.

Preparation of Ti3Si0.8Al0.2C2 Bonded Diamond Composites and Their Friction Properties Coupled with Different Counterfaces

“…Te COF is between 0.31 and 0.33. Te COF between Ti 3 AlC 2 -TiC composite and glass is 0.61-0.92 under 12N and the speed of 300 rpm/min, which indicates that diamond composite is more suitable for glass processing than TiC composite [31].…”

In Situ Synthesis and Tribological Characterization of TiC–Diamond Composites: Effect of the Counterface Material on Wear Rate and Mechanism

“…The increase in the COF is mainly due to the enhancement of the adhesive wear effect (Figure 4b), indicating that the load mainly affects the adhesive wear in TiC-diamond and Coatings 2024, 14, 735 6 of 20 agate pairings. The COF of TiC-diamond composites with agate is significantly smaller than that of TiC-Ti 3 AlC 2 or TiC-Ti 2 AlC (0.8~1, under 12 N at 300 rpm/min) [17].…”

“…The synthesized composites were examined by XRD and SEM and the test parameters were similar to those in Refs. [17,18]. The crystal structure of the samples was analyzed by a smart X-ray diffractometer (SmartLab series, Rigaku, Japan, radiation source CuKα, voltage 40 kV, current 30 mA) with a scanning range of 10 • ~80 • .…”

“…Friction performance test parameters and abrasion characterization were similar to those in Refs. [17,18].…”

“…moFisher, Waltham, MA, USA) using an Al Ka laser (λ = 0.83 nm, hν = 14 performance test parameters and abrasion characterization were simila [17,18].…”