The Influence of School Resource Officer Presence on Teacher Perceptions of School Safety and Security

Wood, Brandon; Hampton, Eric M.

doi:10.1080/2372966x.2020.1844547

Cited by 15 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…SROs are primarily tasked with maintaining a safe and secure learning environment for students and staff (Wood & Hampton, 2021). Research on SROs, regarding perceptions of safety, has revealed mixed findings (Nickerson et al, 2021).…”

Section: Physical Safetymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Ensuring a psychologically and physically safe and secure learning environment for students and staff is necessary for students to learn and for teachers to teach (Nickerson et al, 2021; Wood & Hampton, 2021). To enhance school safety and security, many schools have adopted various measures to heighten their physical security efforts (e.g., video surveillance systems, locking building doors during school hours, and building fences around their premises; Wood & Hampton, 2021). Further, a growing approach includes the utilization of school resource officers (SROs).…”

Section: Physical Safetymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nickerson et al (2021) noted several empirical studies indicating that police officers’ presence in schools is associated with more recorded crimes, arrests, and use of exclusionary discipline practices. For minoritized students and students with disabilities, SROs in the educational environment are linked to increased exclusionary discipline practices (Turner & Beneke, 2020; Wood & Hampton, 2021). For instance, the overuse of punitive discipline strategies among Black students further contributes to the school-to-prison pipeline, as students are funneled out of schools and into the criminal justice system (Turner & Beneke, 2020).…”

Section: Physical Safetymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Reconceptualizing school safety for Black students

Heidelburg

Phelps

Collins

2022

School Psychology International

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Ensuring a psychologically and physically safe learning environment for students and staff is necessary for students to learn and grow and for teachers to teach. However, for Black students and other marginalized students, the school environment is often physically and emotionally unsafe and they are targeted by anti-Black policies and practices, ultimately producing inequitable outcomes. As such, school safety must be reexamined and reconceptualized to promote a safe, secure, and welcoming environment for Black students. In this article, we will discuss the school-based experiences of Black students in American schools with a particular focus on Black students’ physical and emotional safety. Furthermore, implications and recommendations for establishing safe, affirming, and culturally relevant educational spaces for Black students are provided.

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Section: Physical Safetymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Physical Safetymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Physical Safetymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Reconceptualizing school safety for Black students

Heidelburg

Phelps

Collins

2022

School Psychology International

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“…The articles in this special issue push the conversation and evidence base forward regarding SROs by examining how the roles they assume relate to outcomes (Stevens et al, 2021), the impact of trauma-informed training on SROs (Forber-Pratt et al, 2021), and the important yet often neglected input of teachers on the presence of SROs in relation to perceptions of safety (Wood & Hampton, 2021). In "School Resource Officers' Presence and Preventative Roles and Criminalization of Student Behavior, " Stevens et al (2021) examined how different aspects of the roles of SROs, including law enforcement presence (e.g., patrolling, carrying firearms) and prevention (e.g., mentoring, teaching) are associated with school practices that can impact student outcomes.…”

Section: School Resource Officers: Roles Training and Impact On Teacher Perceptions Of Safetymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As SRO programs expand, there have been calls for research focused on how SRO presence in schools can impact stakeholder perceptions of safety and security (Lynch et al, 2016), although the voices of teachers are largely absent from decision-making processes and research about school safety policies and practices (Garcia & Weiss, 2019). Wood and Hampton (2021) surveyed more than 3,800 teachers from a midwestern state, with the overwhelmingly majority disagreeing that schools are dangerous places and agreeing that they and their students feel safe at school. Teachers with an SRO present in their school were more likely to report feeling physically safe at school and to believe their school possessed adequate security, although they also perceived students to be more concerned about their safety when compared to teachers in schools without an SRO present.…”

Section: School Resource Officers: Roles Training and Impact On Teacher Perceptions Of Safetymentioning

confidence: 99%

Preventing School Violence and Promoting School Safety: Contemporary Scholarship Advancing Science, Practice, and Policy

Mayer

Nickerson

Jimerson

2021

School Psychology Review

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School safety is essential for children and youth in schools to learn and experience a positive developmental trajectory. School safety research featured herein intentionally draws upon multiple fields of study, including, but not limited to education; special education; school, counseling, clinical and community psychology; social work; juvenile justice; and sociology. the articles in this special issue draw on many theoretical frameworks, considering developmental theories, social-ecological and cognitive-ecological perspectives, information processing, normative behavior theory, socialidentity, social-transactional processes, and social networking models. this overview of the special issue synthesizes and integrates findings from these articles across five areas: (a) conceptual foundations, (b) centering race and ethnicity in school safety, (d) school resource officers' training and roles, (d) discipline and school climate, and (e) bullying and peer victimization. Many of these articles leverage scholarship across topics such as providing beneficial schoolwide systems of discipline, promoting positive school climates, addressing bullying, fostering authoritative models in schools, facilitating culturally responsive schools, and understanding mental health needs of students. IMPACT STATEMENTthis paper provides a synthesis of articles featured in the special topic section focused on preventing school violence and promoting school safety. Key implications for practice and policy include enabling stakeholders to understand the current state of knowledge in the field, empowering agents of change for broader policy and programming, and advancing research towards new understandings.

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How school policies, strategies, and relational factors contribute to teacher victimization and school safety

Astor,

Benbenishty,

Capp

et al. 2023

Journal Community Psychology

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In this study, we examined how school policies and strategies (i.e., positive discipline, hardening strategies, and positive behavioral strategies) affect teacher relational factors and teacher reports of victimization and safety. Specifically, we examined the mediational roles of teacher support of student learning, maltreatment of students by teachers, and teachers' differential treatment of students in schools. Using a sample of 6643 pre‐K‐12th‐grade teachers, path analysis results revealed that positive behavior strategies, hardening strategies, and positive discipline were indirectly associated with teacher victimization and sense of safety. Additionally, teachers' perceptions of other teachers maltreating students had the greatest contributions to their sense of safety and victimization by students. Positive discipline was directly and indirectly associated with teacher victimization and safety. Implications and directions for future studies are discussed.

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The Influence of School Resource Officer Presence on Teacher Perceptions of School Safety and Security

Cited by 15 publications

References 46 publications

Reconceptualizing school safety for Black students

Reconceptualizing school safety for Black students

Preventing School Violence and Promoting School Safety: Contemporary Scholarship Advancing Science, Practice, and Policy

How school policies, strategies, and relational factors contribute to teacher victimization and school safety

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