The influence of reinforcement particles friction stir processing on microstructure, mechanical properties, tribological and corrosion behaviors: a review

Wu, Bo; Ibrahim, Mahmoud Z.; Raja, Sufian; Yusof, Farazila; Razak, Bushroa Binti Abdul; Muhamad, Mohd Ridha; Huang, Rongxue; Zhang, Yun; Badruddin, Irfan Anjum; Hussien, Mohamed; Kamangar, Sarfaraz

doi:10.1016/j.jmrt.2022.07.172

Cited by 41 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 131 publications

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“…Finally, a wide area at the bottom shows no noticeable microstructural changes and is referred as the heat‐affected zone (HAZ). [ 45 ]…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Finally, a wide area at the bottom shows no noticeable microstructural changes and is referred as the heat-affected zone (HAZ). [45] To conduct a more detailed examination and better assess the distinctive areas in terms of their microstructural characteristics, optical micrographs were obtained at higher magnifications for each of the three areas, as shown in Figure 2c-e. Considering Figure 2c reveals that the HAZ region exhibits minimal changes in dendritic morphology, except for a slight coarsening of dendrite arms attributed to the Gibbs-Thomson effect.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Revealing the Effects of Friction Stir Processing on the Microstructural Evolutions and Mechanical Properties of As‐Cast Interstitial FeMnCoCrN High‐Entropy Alloy

Abbasi,

Zarei‐Hanzaki,

Charkhchian

et al. 2024

Adv Eng Mater

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The present study aims to investigate the effect of friction stir processing (FSP) on the microstructural evolutions and mechanical properties of a nonequiatomic interstitial high‐entropy alloy (HEA). To achieve this, an as‐cast FeMnCoCrN interstitial HEA undergoes FSP to modify the as‐cast microstructure and investigate the resulting effects on mechanical properties. The grain size, sub‐boundaries, martensite fraction, and accommodated strain exhibit a gradient from the base metal (BM) to the stir zone (SZ). As a result of FSP, the average grain size in the upper SZ is significantly decreased from ≈700 μm in BM to 1.5 μm, which is around 500 times finer than that of the BM. Furthermore, the martensitic transformation in a single metastable face‐centered‐cubic phase specifically occurs in the thermomechanical‐affected and heat‐affected zones. Continuous and geometric dynamic recrystallizations triggered by FSP lead to the development of a refined equiaxed microstructure. This gradient microstructure, in turn, plays a pivotal role in achieving significantly improved mechanical properties when compared to the as‐cast microstructure. Remarkably, the yield strength doubles, the ultimate tensile strength increases from 548 to 852 MPa, and ductility increases by 16%.

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“…Finally, a wide area at the bottom shows no noticeable microstructural changes and is referred as the heat‐affected zone (HAZ). [ 45 ]…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Revealing the Effects of Friction Stir Processing on the Microstructural Evolutions and Mechanical Properties of As‐Cast Interstitial FeMnCoCrN High‐Entropy Alloy

Abbasi,

Zarei‐Hanzaki,

Charkhchian

et al. 2024

Adv Eng Mater

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“…Numerous works published recently discuss the importance of different types of reinforcing particles during FSP and their impact on surface characteristics like hardness, tribological behavior, and corrosion behaviors. 30,31 The objective of this study is to employ FSP to investigate the effects of the volume percentage of boron carbide (B 4 C) particles on the microstructure, hardness, tensile strength, and wear performance of AA6061-T6 surface composites, whose findings are believed to be essential for additional research and industrial applications.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of the microstructure, mechanical and wear performance of friction stir-processed AA6061-T6 plate reinforced with B₄C particles surface composite

Abdelhady

Elbadawi²,

Zoalfakar

2023

Journal of Composite Materials

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In this work, friction stir processing (FSP) was used to successfully embed boron carbide (B4C) particles into an aluminum matrix (AA6061-T6). Four specimens of aluminum 6061 composite reinforced with 4%, 6%, 8%, and 10% volume fraction of B4C were manufactured. The effects of B4C particles volume fraction on microstructure, mechanical and wear properties are investigated. The microstructural investigations demonstrated that a rise in the volume % of reinforcement greatly decreased the matrix grain size. The manufactured AA6061-T6 loaded with B4C surface composites demonstrated homogeneous B4C particle dispersion, with no significant particle clustering in the stir zone. In addition, it was established that increasing the volume fraction of B4C particles promoted grain refinement, increased hardness, and tensile strength. X-ray diffraction (XRD) was used to identify the reinforcement dispersion. For AA6061-T6 with 10% B4C particles, a maximum hardness value of 163 HV was obtained in the stir zone. Maximum yield strength of 165 MPa and ultimate tensile strength of 220 MPa were attained by AA6061-T6 with 10% B4C particles, which is an improvement of 21% over the specimen FSP without reinforcement. The strengthening of the grain refining was attributed for the increase in hardness and strength. The ductility was reduced by the incorporation of more B4C particles. Comparing the surface composite loaded with B4C to unreinforced friction stir processing and AA6061-T6 as received, it demonstrated superior wear resistance.

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“…During the process, local heat is generated between the FPS tool and the workpiece, and this heat softens the process zone. With the rotation effect of the tool, the processed material undergoes plastic deformation [4]. As a result of this process, the microstructure and mechanical properties of the sample are remarkably changed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of FSP on the friction and wear behaviour of Al5083 under normal atmosphere and vacuum conditions

Kara

2023

Materials Science and Technology

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In current technology, there are a lot of machines that work under vacuum conditions such as in space and aviation. For this reason, friction and wear properties of especially light metals, such as aluminium and magnesium alloys, which are candidates to be used in such areas should be examined under vacuum conditions. In this study, the effect of friction stir processing parameters such as traverse speed and pass number on the microstructure, hardness and wear properties of the Al 5083 alloy were investigated. During the friction stir processing, three traverse speeds and from 1 to 4 passes were applied to the surface of the samples. The wear behaviour of the processed and unprocessed samples was investigated by using the ball-on disc tribometer under air and 5 × 10−3 mbar vacuum conditions. After friction and wear experiments, all FSPed samples showed lesser wear amount under vacuum conditions compared with air conditions.

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The influence of reinforcement particles friction stir processing on microstructure, mechanical properties, tribological and corrosion behaviors: a review

Cited by 41 publications

References 131 publications

Revealing the Effects of Friction Stir Processing on the Microstructural Evolutions and Mechanical Properties of As‐Cast Interstitial FeMnCoCrN High‐Entropy Alloy

Revealing the Effects of Friction Stir Processing on the Microstructural Evolutions and Mechanical Properties of As‐Cast Interstitial FeMnCoCrN High‐Entropy Alloy

Investigation of the microstructure, mechanical and wear performance of friction stir-processed AA6061-T6 plate reinforced with B₄C particles surface composite

The effect of FSP on the friction and wear behaviour of Al5083 under normal atmosphere and vacuum conditions

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The influence of reinforcement particles friction stir processing on microstructure, mechanical properties, tribological and corrosion behaviors: a review

Cited by 41 publications

References 131 publications

Revealing the Effects of Friction Stir Processing on the Microstructural Evolutions and Mechanical Properties of As‐Cast Interstitial FeMnCoCrN High‐Entropy Alloy

Revealing the Effects of Friction Stir Processing on the Microstructural Evolutions and Mechanical Properties of As‐Cast Interstitial FeMnCoCrN High‐Entropy Alloy

Investigation of the microstructure, mechanical and wear performance of friction stir-processed AA6061-T6 plate reinforced with B4C particles surface composite

The effect of FSP on the friction and wear behaviour of Al5083 under normal atmosphere and vacuum conditions

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Product

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About

Investigation of the microstructure, mechanical and wear performance of friction stir-processed AA6061-T6 plate reinforced with B₄C particles surface composite