The Influence of Race/Ethnicity and Gender on Psychological and Social Well-Being

Woody, Debra J.; Green, Robert C.

doi:10.1300/j051v09n03_08

Cited by 11 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…This finding points to the fact that the gender difference could actually be reflective of the effects of other sociodemographic factors on mental health. These significant correlates identified to be the actual factors affecting the number of depressive symptoms are largely related to the sociostructural factors tied to social and financial resources, a finding consistent with previous research (Flynn & Cappeliez, 1993;Johnson & Johnson, 1992;Woody & Green, 2001).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Gender Differences in Depressive Symptoms of Aging Chinese in Urban Jiangsu in China

Lai

Guo

2011

Clinical Gerontologist

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Gender Differences in Depressive Symptoms of Aging Chinese in Urban Jiangsu in China

Lai

Guo

2011

Clinical Gerontologist

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“…It has been widely reported that compared with non-Hispanic Whites, regardless of age, African Americans experience worse: physical health status (Binstock & George, 2001; Levine et al, 2001; Mendes de Leon et al, 2005; U.S. DHHS, 2000), mental health status (Jackson-Triche et al, 2000; Skarupski et al, 2005; Woody & Green, 2001), and diminished quality of life, including life-space mobility (Allman et al, 2004; Ibrahim et al, 2002; Jackson-Triche et al, 2000; Skarupski et al, 2007). However, we know much less about possible advantages or protective factors experienced by African Americans relative to Whites.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Race differences in the association of spiritual experiences and life satisfaction in older age

Skarupski

Fitchett

Evans

et al. 2013

Aging & Mental Health

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Objectives The primary objective of this study was to examine an African American ‘faith advantage’ in life satisfaction. Specifically, we sought to test the hypothesis that the positive relationship between spiritual experiences and life satisfaction is stronger among older African Americans than among older Whites. Method The data came from 6,864 community-dwelling persons aged 65+ (66% African American) who participated in the Chicago Health and Aging Project. Life satisfaction was measured using a five-item composite and we used a five-item version of the Daily Spiritual Experiences scale. Results In a regression model adjusting for age, sex, marital status, education, income, and worship attendance, we found that African American race was associated with lower life satisfaction. We also found a positive association between spiritual experiences and life satisfaction. In an additional model, a significant race × spiritual experiences interaction term indicates that spiritual experiences are more positively associated with life satisfaction among African Americans. Conclusion The data suggest that at higher levels of spiritual experiences, racial differences in life satisfaction are virtually non-existent. However, at lower levels of spiritual experiences, older African Americans show modestly lower levels of life satisfaction than do older Whites. This pattern suggests that spiritual experiences are a positive resource - distinct from worship attendance- that enable older African Americans to overcome decrements in life satisfaction and in fact, that lower spiritual experiences may be especially harmful for older African American’s life satisfaction.

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“…These included age, sex, race/ethnicity, socio-economic status, level of education, depressive symptoms, marital status, physical activity, smoking status, fruit and vegetable consumption, alcohol consumption, body mass index (BMI), sleep duration, and history of cancer, cardiovascular disease, and chronic lung disease. These factors have previously been associated with mortality risk [37] , [38] , [39] , [40] , [41] , [42] , [43] , [44] , [45] , [46] , [47] , [48] , [49] , [50] as well as positive affect or wellbeing [1] , [41] , [51] , [52] , [53] , [54] , [55] , [56] , [57] , [58] .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The interaction between stress and positive affect in predicting mortality

Okely

Weiss

Galé

2017

Journal of Psychosomatic Research

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ObjectivePositive affect is associated with longevity; according to the stress-buffering hypothesis, this is because positive affect reduces the health harming effects of psychological stress. If this mechanism plays a role, then the association between positive affect and mortality risk should be most apparent among individuals who report higher stress. Here, we test this hypothesis.MethodsThe sample consisted of 8542 participants aged 32–86 from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES I) Epidemiological Follow-up Study (NHEFS). We used Cox's proportional hazards regression to test for the main effects of and the interaction between positive affect and perceived stress in predicting mortality risk over a 10 year follow up period.ResultsGreater positive affect was associated with lower mortality risk. We found a significant interaction between positive affect and perceived stress such that the association between positive affect and mortality risk was stronger in people reporting higher stress. In the fully adjusted model, a standard deviation increase in positive affect was associated with a 16% (HR = 0.84; 95% CI = 0.75, 0.95) reduction in mortality risk among participants who reported high levels of stress. The association between positive affect and mortality risk was weaker and not significant among participants who reported low levels of stress (HR = 0.98; 95% CI = 0.89, 1.08).ConclusionOur results support the stress-buffering model and illustrate that the association between positive affect and reduced risk may be strongest under challenging circumstances.

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The Influence of Race/Ethnicity and Gender on Psychological and Social Well-Being

Cited by 11 publications

References 31 publications

Gender Differences in Depressive Symptoms of Aging Chinese in Urban Jiangsu in China

Gender Differences in Depressive Symptoms of Aging Chinese in Urban Jiangsu in China

Race differences in the association of spiritual experiences and life satisfaction in older age

The interaction between stress and positive affect in predicting mortality

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