The Influence of Previous Disaster Experience and Sociodemographics on Protective Behaviors during Two Successive Tornado Events

Silver, Amber; Andrey, Jean

doi:10.1175/wcas-d-13-00026.1

Cited by 58 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Rapid‐onset severe weather generates problems with the general public not heeding official warning signals and evacuation notices (Dow & Cutter, 1998; Silver & Andrey, 2014). Various factors feed into this tendency to ignore warnings.…”

Section: Incompatibility Generated By Misperceptions About the Measurmentioning

confidence: 99%

Global–Local Incompatibility: The Misperception of Reliability in Judgment Regarding Global Variables

Broomell

2020

Cognitive Science

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A number of important decision domains, including decisions about hiring, global warming, and weather hazards, are characterized by a global-local incompatibility. These domains involve variables that cannot be observed by a single decision maker (DM) and require the integration of observations from locally available information cues. This paper presents a new bifocal lens model that describes how the structure of the environment can lead to a unique form of overconfidence when generalizing the reliability of the local environment to a global scale. When the local environment does not reliably reflect the global environment, they are incompatible. While local perspectives vary across DMs, global-local incompatibility can be understood using the structure of classical test theory as the difference between (a) perceived estimates of the reliability derived from the local environment and (b) the true reliability of the local environment. I model global-local incompatibility as the difference between the true and estimated reliability when the assumptions of classical test theory are violated. Using a series of case studies and an empirical study, I demonstrate the widespread utility of this framework, and I conclude by discussing implications for cognitive-ecological theory, risk communication, and overconfidence.

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Section: Incompatibility Generated By Misperceptions About the Measurmentioning

confidence: 99%

Global–Local Incompatibility: The Misperception of Reliability in Judgment Regarding Global Variables

Broomell

2020

Cognitive Science

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“…Personal experience plays an important role in individual risk perceptions of future events as well as preparedness and mitigation behaviors, although the effect of experience is likely to be contingent on situation-specific aspects of the event (e.g., type, magnitude, distance), individual factors (e.g., knowledge, values, attitudes, emotions) and social context (e.g., media reports, peer influences, culture) (McGee et al 2009;Zaalberg et al 2009;Wachinger et al 2013;Silver and Andrey 2014). Moreover, the effect of experience on perceptions and attitudes can create "windows of opportunity" for policy change (Tierney 2007;McGee et al 2009).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Mapping the shadow of experience of extreme weather events

et al. 2014

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Climate change will increase the frequency and/or intensity of certain extreme weather events, and perceived experience with extreme weather may influence climate change beliefs, attitudes, and behaviors. However, the aspects of extreme events that influence whether or not people perceive that they have personally experienced them remain unclear. We investigate (1) the correspondence of reported experience of extreme weather events with documented events, and (2) how characteristics of different extreme events shape the geographic area within which people are likely to report they have experienced it-the event's perceived "shadow of experience." We overlay geocoded survey responses indicating personal experience with hurricanes, tornadoes, and drought-from a 2012 nationally representative survey (N=1,008) of U.S. residents-on maps of recorded event impacts. We find that reported experiences correspond well with recorded event impacts, particularly for hurricanes and tornadoes. Reported experiences were related to event type, proximity, magnitude and duration. The results suggest locations where disaster preparedness efforts and climate change education campaigns could be most effective after an extreme weather event.

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“…It is generally cited as a positive influence on risk perception . For instance, two case studies found enhanced risk perception and protective action for the second of two successive tornado events striking cities . Some studies consider differences in direct experience between those who suffered personal loss (e.g., property damage or injury) and those who did not.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tornado Warning Perception and Response: Integrating the Roles of Visual Design, Demographics, and Hazard Experience

Schumann

Ash

Bowser³

2017

Risk Analysis

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Recent advancements in severe weather detection and warning dissemination technologies have reduced, but not eliminated, large-casualty tornado hazards in the United States. Research on warning cognition and behavioral response by the public has the potential to further reduce tornado-related deaths and injuries; however, less research has been conducted in this area compared to tornado research in the physical sciences. Extant research in this vein tends to bifurcate. One branch of studies derives from classic risk perception, which investigates cognitive, affective, and sociocultural factors in relation to concern and preparation for uncertain risks. Another branch focuses on psychological, social, and cultural factors implicated in warning response for rapid onset hazards, with attention paid to previous experience and message design. Few studies link risk perceptions with cognition and response as elicited by specific examples of warnings. The present study unites risk perception, cognition, and response approaches by testing the contributions of hypothesized warning response drivers in one set of path models. Warning response is approximated by perceived fear and intended protective action as reported by survey respondents when exposed to hypothetical tornado warning scenarios. This study considers the roles of hazard knowledge acquisition, information-seeking behaviors, previous experience, and sociodemographic factors while controlling for the effects of the visual warning graphic. Findings from the study indicate the primacy of a user's visual interpretation of a warning graphic in shaping tornado warning response. Results also suggest that information-seeking habits, previous tornado experience, and local disaster culture play strong influencing roles in warning response.

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The Influence of Previous Disaster Experience and Sociodemographics on Protective Behaviors during Two Successive Tornado Events

Abstract: The role of previous disaster experience

Cited by 58 publications

References 30 publications

Global–Local Incompatibility: The Misperception of Reliability in Judgment Regarding Global Variables

Global–Local Incompatibility: The Misperception of Reliability in Judgment Regarding Global Variables

Mapping the shadow of experience of extreme weather events

Tornado Warning Perception and Response: Integrating the Roles of Visual Design, Demographics, and Hazard Experience

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