The influence of porosity and active sites of zeolites Y and beta on the co-cracking of n-decane and 2-ethylphenol

NiMoS on alumina-USY zeolites for hydrotreating lignin dimers: effect of support acidity and cleavage of C–C bonds

“…via hydrogen transfer reaction. 77 The reactive phenolics on the NiMoY surface thus may have longer residence times that favor undesirable reactions that can deactivate the catalyst with carbonaceous products. Both BPE and PPE treated NiMoY spent catalyst samples contain around 14 wt% C, most probably due to strongly adsorbed phenolics and other carbonaceous deposits.…”

Development of Bifunctional Hydrodeoxygenation Catalyst Rh‐HY for the Generation of Biomass‐Derived High‐Energy‐Density Fuels

“…Notably, at the same reaction time, the conversion gain for the regenerated catalyst was approximately 10% higher than that of the fresh catalyst; however, after 475 min of reaction, the amount of deoxygenated and mono‐oxygenated compounds produced were similar for both catalysts. The conversion increase observed for the regenerated catalyst could be attributed to an increase in its mesoporosity resulting from the regeneration treatment, increasing guaiacol's diffusion and improving the accessibility to catalytically active sites …”

Model based analysis of the effect of 2-ethylphenol addition to n-decane in fluid catalytic cracking over a series of zeolites

“…Fluid Catalytic Cracking (FCC) is one of the most important processes in oil refining and petrochemical industry. It is performed on an acid catalyst containing a zeolite as main active component and converts heavy oil fractions with low commercial value, i.e., atmospheric and vacuum gasoils, into high value products, i.e., gasoline and Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) [1][2][3][4]. This process also results in the formation of heavy secondary products on the catalyst, referred to as coke, leading to catalyst activity decay by covering the acid sites and, in a later stage, by blocking the pore network.…”

“…Hence, one is forced to resort to generalities rather than details. An option would be to employ feed model compounds [1,4,[10][11][12] and consider the behaviour of groups of components as a unit.…”

“…Researchers have studied phenols and paraffins as oxygenated and conventional feed model compounds respectively [1,4] and have grouped similar components into few "lumps" [9,[13][14][15].…”