The influence of pore‐water chemistry and physiology on the distribution of vesicomyid clams at cold seeps in Monterey Bay: Implications for patterns of chemosynthetic community organization

Barry, James; Kochevar, R. E.; Baxter, Charles

doi:10.4319/lo.1997.42.2.0318

Cited by 128 publications

(124 citation statements)

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“…The relationships between the concentration of methane and faunal distribution have been discussed both from the perspective of a toxin for animals and as a substrate for chemosynthetic production (e.g. Barry et al 1997). However, in general, faunal distribution in marine environments is explained by more generalized factors, such as temperature, salinity, and the concentration of DO.…”

Section: Faunal Zonation In a Vent Fieldmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vent Fauna in the Okinawa Trough

Watanabe

Kojima

2014

Subseafloor Biosphere Linked to Hydrothermal Systems

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In deep-sea hydrothermal vent fields, faunal distribution is associated with geochemical environments generated by hydrothermal vent activity. The Okinawa Trough is located between the Eurasian Continent and the Ryukyu Arc, and is characterized by sedimentassociated fauna associated with vents. In this chapter, the faunal distribution in hydrothermal vent fields in the Okinawa Trough is summarized at inter-and intra-field levels, and its relationship with geochemical environments and species-specific ecologies is discussed. Although the zonation of sediment-associated fauna is not distinct, the fauna on rocky seabed can be categorized into four zones based on thermal conditions. Genetic connectivity among conspecific populations in the Okinawa Trough appears to be common; further, a few faunal groups, such as tubeworms, show connectivity to regions outside of the Okinawa Trough. The faunal composition of vent communities in the Okinawa Trough has been categorized into three groups: the Minami-Ensei Knoll, Yoron Hole, and middlesouthern Okinawa Trough. To determine more precisely the relationships between faunal composition and environmental factors in the Okinawa Trough vent fields, both generalized and vent-specific environmental factors should be measured simultaneously with quantitative faunal sampling for analyses. Keywords

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Section: Faunal Zonation In a Vent Fieldmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vent Fauna in the Okinawa Trough

Watanabe

Kojima

2014

Subseafloor Biosphere Linked to Hydrothermal Systems

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“…Numerous studies have demonstrated that the flux of methane and sulfide towards the sediment/water interface determines the microbial and faunal community composition at cold seeps (e.g. Dando and Hovland, 1992;Barry et al, 1997;Sibuet and Olu, 1998;Sahling et al, 2002;Levin et al, 2003;Treude et al, 2003;van Dover et al, 2003;Arvidson et al, 2004;Levin, 2005;Niemann et al, 2006;Niemann et al, 2009;Lichtschlag et al, 2010a).…”

Section: Fischer Et Al: Pore Water Geochemistry Of Cold Seeps Offmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interaction between hydrocarbon seepage, chemosynthetic communities, and bottom water redox at cold seeps of the Makran accretionary prism: insights from habitat-specific pore water sampling and modeling

et al. 2012

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Abstract. The interaction between fluid seepage, bottom water redox, and chemosynthetic communities was studied at cold seeps across one of the world's largest oxygen minimum zones (OMZ) located at the Makran convergent continental margin. Push cores were obtained from seeps within and below the core-OMZ with a remotely operated vehicle. Extracted sediment pore water was analyzed for sulfide and sulfate concentrations. Depending on oxygen availability in the bottom water, seeps were either colonized by microbial mats or by mats and macrofauna. The latter, including ampharetid polychaetes and vesicomyid clams, occurred in distinct benthic habitats, which were arranged in a concentric fashion around gas orifices. At most sites colonized by microbial mats, hydrogen sulfide was exported into the bottom water. Where macrofauna was widely abundant, hydrogen sulfide was retained within the sediment.Numerical modeling of pore water profiles was performed in order to assess rates of fluid advection and bioirrigation. While the magnitude of upward fluid flow decreased from 11 cm yr −1 to <1 cm yr −1 and the sulfate/methane transition (SMT) deepened with increasing distance from the central gas orifice, the fluxes of sulfate into the SMT did not significantly differ (6.6-9.3 mol m −2 yr −1 ). Depth-integrated rates of bioirrigation increased from 120 cm yr −1 in the central habitat, characterized by microbial mats and sparse macrofauna, to 297 cm yr −1 in the habitat of large and few small vesicomyid clams. These results reveal that chemosynthetic macrofauna inhabiting the outer seep habitats below the core-OMZ efficiently bioirrigate and thus transport sulfate down into the upper 10 to 15 cm of the sediment. In this way the animals deal with the lower upward flux of methane in outer habitats by stimulating rates of anaerobic oxidation of methane (AOM) with sulfate high enough to provide hydrogen sulfide for chemosynthesis. Through bioirrigation, macrofauna engineer their geochemical environment and fuel upward sulfide flux via AOM. Furthermore, due to the introduction of oxygenated bottom water into the sediment via bioirrigation, the depth of the sulfide sink gradually deepens towards outer habitats. We therefore suggest thatin addition to the oxygen levels in the water column, which determine whether macrofaunal communities can develop or not -it is the depth of the SMT and thus of sulfide production that determines which chemosynthetic communities are able to exploit the sulfide at depth. We hypothesize that large vesicomyid clams, by efficiently expanding the sulfate zone down into the sediment, could cut off smaller or less mobile organisms, as e.g. small clams and sulfur bacteria, from the sulfide source.

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“…This patchy distribution was found to be correlated with the fluid composition and flow rate (Niemann et al, 2006), reflecting distinct life requirements (required substrates or sensibility toward toxic compounds present in the fluids; Barry et al, 1997;Sibuet and Olu, 1998;Sahling et al, 2002;Niemann et al, 2006;Lichtschlag et al, 2010;Pop Ristova et al, 2012;Ruff et al, 2013).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative Study of Guaymas Basin Microbiomes: Cold Seeps vs. Hydrothermal Vents Sediments

et al. 2017

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In the Guaymas Basin, the presence at a few tens of kilometers of cold seeps and hydrothermal vents coupled with comparable sedimentary settings and depths offer a unique opportunity to assess and compare the microbial community composition of these deep-sea ecosystems. The microbial diversity in sediments from three cold seep and two hydrothermal vent assemblages were investigated using high-throughput 16S rRNA-sequencing. Numerous bacterial and archaeal lineages were detected in both cold seep and hydrothermal vent sediments. Various potential organic matter degraders (e.g., Chloroflexi, Atribacteria, MBG-D) and methane and sulfur cycling related microorganisms (e.g., ANME and methanogenic lineages, sulfate-reducing lineages) were detected in both ecosystems. This suggests that analogous metabolic processes such as organic matter degradation and anaerobic methane oxidation coupled to sulfate reduction, were probably occurring in these two contrasted ecosystems. These highlighted "core microbiome" of the Guaymas Basin chemosynthetic ecosystems might therefore result from the combined presence of up-rising fluid emissions and high sedimentary rates of organic matter in the Basin. These results, coupled with the detailed ribotype analysis of major archaeal lineages (ANME-1, ANME-2, and MBG-D), also suggest a potential connectivity among deep-sea ecosystems of the Guaymas Basin likely due to the sedimentary context and the absence of physical border. However, thermophilic and hyperthermophilic lineages (e.g., Thermodesulfobacteria, Desulfurococcales, etc.) were exclusively identified in hydrothermally impacted sediments highlighting the strong influence of temperature gradients and other hydrothermally-related factors such as thermogenic sulfate reduction and sulfide formation on microbial community composition.

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The influence of pore‐water chemistry and physiology on the distribution of vesicomyid clams at cold seeps in Monterey Bay: Implications for patterns of chemosynthetic community organization

Cited by 128 publications

References 26 publications

Vent Fauna in the Okinawa Trough

Vent Fauna in the Okinawa Trough

Interaction between hydrocarbon seepage, chemosynthetic communities, and bottom water redox at cold seeps of the Makran accretionary prism: insights from habitat-specific pore water sampling and modeling

Comparative Study of Guaymas Basin Microbiomes: Cold Seeps vs. Hydrothermal Vents Sediments

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