The Influence of Plant Water Stress on Net Photosynthesis and Yield of Sunflower (<i>Helianthus annuus</i> L.)

Human, J. J.; Toit, Du; Bezuidenhout, Hannemarie; Bruyn, L. P. de

doi:10.1111/j.1439-037x.1990.tb00812.x

Cited by 30 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 11 publications

(4 reference statements)

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“…Boyer et al (1980) found that soybean plants with ample water supplies can experience water deficits due to high transpiration rates. Further, Human et al (1990) stated that, when sunflower plants were grown under controlled temperature regimes, water stress during budding, anthesis and seed filling, the CO 2 uptake rate per unit leaf area as well as total uptake rate per plant significantly diminished with stress, while this effect resulted in a significant decrease in yield per plant. The correlation between climatic factors and both boll production and boll retention over sets of 15 d periods after flowering (boll setting) day (Tables 5 & 6) revealed the following in Season I.…”

Section: Correlation Estimatesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Response of flower and boll development to climatic factors before and after anthesis in Egyptian cotton

Sawan¹,

Hanna²,

McCuistion³

2005

Clim. Res.

118

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Understanding the impact that climatic factors have on cotton production may help physiologists to determine possible control mechanisms which influence the flowering of cotton plants. This study was conducted to investigate the nature of the effects of climatic factors prevailing prior and subsequent to either flowering or boll setting on flower and boll production and retention in Egyptian cotton Gossypium barbadense L. Two uniform field trials using the cotton cultivated variety Giza 75 were carried out at the Agricultural Research Center, Giza, Egypt. Randomly chosen plants were used to record daily numbers of flowers and bolls during the production stage (68 d in Season I and 62 d in Season II). The daily records of the climatic factors (air temperature, diurnal temperature range, evaporation, soil surface temperature, sunshine duration, and humidity) were recorded during the entire period of production and also for the 15 d periods before and after anthesis. The effects of climatic factors on flower and boll production were quantified in non-limiting management techniques. Relationships in the form of simple and multiple correlations were computed between climatic factors and flower and boll production and retention. The data indicated that evaporation, minimum humidity and sunshine duration were the most effective climatic factors during preceding and succeeding periods on boll production and retention. There was a negative correlation between flower and boll production and either evaporation or sunshine duration, while the same correlation with minimum humidity was positive. Thus, it appeared that low evaporation rate, reduced sunshine duration and high humidity would enhance flower and boll formation. Accordingly, the deleterious effects of climatic factors on cotton production could be minimized through applying appropriate production practices, which would control and adjust the impact of these factors and thus potentially lead to an important improvement in cotton yield in Egypt.KEY WORDS: Boll retention · Evaporation · Flower and boll production · Humidity · Sunshine duration · TemperatureResale or republication not permitted without written consent of the publisher

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Section: Correlation Estimatesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Response of flower and boll development to climatic factors before and after anthesis in Egyptian cotton

Sawan¹,

Hanna²,

McCuistion³

2005

Clim. Res.

118

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“…The soil texture was a clay loam, with an alluvial substratum (pH = 8.07, 42.13% clay, 27.35% silt, 22.54% fine sand, 3.22% coarse sand, 2.94% calcium carbonate and 1.70% organic matter) [14].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In season I, the field was irrigated on 15 March (at planting), 8 April (first irrigation), 29 April, 17 May, 31 May, 14 June, 1 July, 16 July, and 12 August. In season II, the field was irrigated on 23 March (planting date), 20 April (first irrigation), 8 May, 22 May, 1 June, 18 June, 3 July, 20 July, 7 August and 28 August. Techniques normally used for growing cotton in Egypt were followed.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Applied methods for studying the relationship between climatic factors and cotton production

Sawan¹

2013

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This study investigates the statistical relationship between climatic variables and aspects of cotton production (G. barbadense), and the effects of climatic factors prevailing prior to flowering or subsequent to boll setting on flower and boll production and retention in cotton. The effects of specific climatic factors during both preand post-anthesis periods on boll production and retention are mostly unknown. However, by determining the relationship of climatic factors with flower and boll production and retention, the overall level of production can be possibly predicted. Thus, an understanding of these relationships may help physiologists determine control mechanisms of production in cotton plants. Also, the study covers the predicted effects of climatic factors during convenient intervals (in days) on cotton flower and boll production compared with daily observations. Further, cotton flower and boll production as affected by climatic factors and soil moisture status has been considered. Evaporation, sunshine duration, relative humidity, surface soil temperature at 1800 h, and maximum air temperature, are the important climatic factors that significantly affect flower and boll production. The least important variables were found to be surface soil temperature at 600 h and minimum temperature. The five-day interval was found to be more adequately and sensibly related to yield parameters. Evaporation, minimum humidity and sunshine duration were the most effective climatic factors during preceding and succeeding periods on boll production and retention. There was a negative correlation between flower number and boll production and either evaporation or sunshine duration, while that correlation with minimum relative humidity was positive. The soil moisture status showed low and insignificant correlation with flower and boll production. Higher minimum relative humidity, short period of sunshine duration, and low temperatures enhanced flower and boll formation.

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“…Water deficits during seed formation and seed filling period have shown to cause significant reduction in number of seeds (achene) per capitulum (Daulay andSingh, 1983 andHuman et al, 1990). Babu et al (1993) reported that, scheduling of irrigation at 60 mm and 80 mm CPE produced significantly more number of filled seeds capitulum -1 as compared to irrigations at 100 mm CPE and at critical stages.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of irrigation (drip/surface) on sunflower growth, seed and oil yield, nutrient uptake and water use efficiency - A review

Malamasuri

Rao

Reddy

et al. 2017

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Water plays an important role in augmenting the growth and development of crop plants in their different stages of ontogeny. Since water is the life line for accruing desired yield levels, its time of application and method of application plays an important role in increasing the yield levels besides saving water. Further, water is the prime natural resource, which is often costly and limiting input particularly in arid and semi arid regions, hence needs judicious use to reap the maximum benefit from this limiting resource. Off late, among irrigation methods, drip irrigation is receiving better appreciation, acceptance, adaption and plays an important role in saving the water in water scarce areas. It enables the efficient use of limited water with higher water use efficiency. Optimum irrigation levels with suitable method would help in enhancing the economic yield as well as water use efficiency in many field crops including sunflower crop in line with the high value commercial and horticultural crops.

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The Influence of Plant Water Stress on Net Photosynthesis and Yield of Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.)

Cited by 30 publications

References 11 publications

Response of flower and boll development to climatic factors before and after anthesis in Egyptian cotton

Response of flower and boll development to climatic factors before and after anthesis in Egyptian cotton

Applied methods for studying the relationship between climatic factors and cotton production

Effect of irrigation (drip/surface) on sunflower growth, seed and oil yield, nutrient uptake and water use efficiency - A review

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