The Influence of Physical Education on Physical Activity Levels of Urban Elementary Students

Dauenhauer, Brian; Keating, Xiaofen D.

doi:10.1080/02701367.2011.10599784

Cited by 28 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…[32][33][34] In addition, children encouraged to be physically active in school have been shown to be more active outside of school compared with children whose school-day PA was restricted, and other studies have shown children to be more active during the school week compared with weekend days. [35][36][37] These findings, in concert with the weak correlation between parent-child PA levels, corroborate the importance of school-day PA.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 70%

Accelerometry-Derived Physical Activity Correlations Between Parents and Their Fourth-Grade Child Are Specific to Time of Day and Activity Level

Strutz¹,

Browning²,

Smith³

et al. 2018

Journal of Physical Activity and Health

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Background: The purpose of this study was to employ high-frequency accelerometry to explore parent-child physical activity (PA) relationships across a free-living sample. Methods: We recorded 7 days of wrist-mounted accelerometry data from 168 dyads of elementary-aged children and their parents. Using a custom MATLAB program (Natick, MA), we summed child and parent accelerations over 1 and 60 seconds, respectively, and applied published cut points to determine the amount of time spent in moderate-vigorous PA (MVPA). Bivariate and partial correlations examined parent-child relationships between percentage of time spent in MVPA. Results: Weak to moderate positive correlations were observed before school (r = .326, P < .001), after school (r = .176, P = .023), during the evening (r = .213, P = .006), and on weekends (r = .231, P = .003). Partial correlations controlling for parent-child MVPA revealed significant relationships during the school day (r = .185, P = .017), before school (r = .315, P < .001), and on weekends (r = .266, P = .001). In addition, parents of more active children were significantly more active than parents of less active children during the evening. Conclusions: These data suggest that there is some association between parent-child PA, especially before school and on weekends. Future interventions aiming to increase PA among adults and children must consider patterns of MVPA specific to children and parents and target them accordingly.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 70%

Accelerometry-Derived Physical Activity Correlations Between Parents and Their Fourth-Grade Child Are Specific to Time of Day and Activity Level

Strutz¹,

Browning²,

Smith³

et al. 2018

Journal of Physical Activity and Health

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“…21 Similarly, PE was shown to be the single greatest contributor (23%–25%) to in-school steps in American Indian children 22 and Hispanic and non-Hispanic girls in the Southwest. 23 Importantly, both boys and girls experienced benefits of PE, which supports previous research.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Support for Physical Education as a Core Subject in Urban Elementary Schools

Castillo

Clark

Butler

et al. 2015

American Journal of Preventive Medicine

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Introduction Physical inactivity and childhood obesity are prevalent in American children, with increased vulnerability in minority, low-resource populations. The aim of this study was to quantify the impact of physical education (PE) on in-school physical activity quantity and intensity in urban minority children attending public elementary schools. Methods This observational study included elementary children (N=212; mean age, 9.9 years; 81.7% black) in Grades 2–5 attending urban public schools with high eligibility for the National School Lunch Program. In-school physical activity was quantified during 4 school weeks across 4 months (January–April 2012) using Omron HJ-151 accelerometer–pedometers. Fitness was assessed with the 20-meter Progressive Aerobic Cardiovascular Endurance Run. Data were analyzed in 2013 using generalized estimating equations to determine the influence of PE and sex on total in-school steps and moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) steps. Results Based on 3,379 observation days (mean, 15.9 school days/student), students achieved higher in-school physical activity on days with PE (4,979 steps) than on days without PE (3,683 steps, p<0.0001). Likewise, MVPA steps were greater on days with PE than on days without PE (p<0.0001). Boys were more active than girls, but both accumulated more steps on days with PE. Low aerobic fitness was observed in 29.0% of students and overweight/obesity in 31.1%. Conclusions PE significantly increases total in-school and MVPA steps in urban minority elementary children. PE as a core subject can provide opportunities for urban, minority public school children in low-resource areas to achieve age-appropriate physical activity and fitness goals.

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“…Only 2 other very recent studies have reported directly on the association between PE and total SED time, whereby 1 group reported an association between increased PE participation and reduced school-time and overall daily SED (Sigmund et al 2014), while others reported similar SED time on PE and non-PE days (Chen et al 2014). A number of prior studies have shown benefits of PE in terms of higher overall MVPA levels in children (Chen et al 2014;Lonsdale et al 2013;Pate et al 2007;Sallis et al 1997;Sigmund et al 2014), PE accounting for about 16%-17% of total daily PA (Cawley et al 2007;Dauenhauer and Keating 2011;Meyer et al 2013), and children not compensating with increased after-school PA on days of restricted in-school PA (Dale et al 2000). This finding is not universal, however, as some have reported no association between PE and total daily PA, suggesting that children may in fact compensate on non-PE days (Mallam et al 2003;Wilkin et al 2006).…”

Section: Pementioning

confidence: 95%

Correlates of sedentary behaviour in 8- to 10-year-old children at elevated risk for obesity

Herman

Sabiston

Mathieu

et al. 2015

Appl. Physiol. Nutr. Metab.

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The purpose of this study was to describe correlates of sedentary behaviour (SED) in children at elevated risk of obesity because of parental obesity. Participants were 534 children aged 8-10 years with ≥ 1 obese parent. SED and physical activity (PA) were measured by accelerometer, screen time by self-report, and height, weight, waist circumference, and cardiovascular fitness objectively measured. Data describing the child, parents, friends, and home and neighbourhood environments were from child self-report. Higher total SED time was significantly positively associated with child's age, mother's age, Tanner stage, weight status or waist circumference, less self-reported PA, choosing screen time over PA/sport, mother saying PA/sport good for them, and fewer weekly physical education (PE) classes. Exceeding 2 h/day screen time was significantly associated with child's age, male sex, weight status or waist circumference, choosing screen time over PA/sport, and dinnertime TV viewing. Children regularly watching TV with dinner had 2.3 times greater odds (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.52, 3.58) of exceeding screen time guidelines compared with children rarely watching TV with dinner; children reporting ≤ 2 PE classes/week had 2.4 times greater odds (95% CI 1.41, 4.10) of being in the highest SED tertile compared with children reporting >2 PE classes/week. Hence, the most sedentary children are older, more biologically mature, less active, more overweight/obese, have fewer PE classes, and are more likely to choose screen time over PA and watch TV with dinner compared with less sedentary children. PE opportunities and mealtime TV viewing are potentially modifiable targets for reducing total SED and screen time in children.

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The Influence of Physical Education on Physical Activity Levels of Urban Elementary Students

Cited by 28 publications

References 36 publications

Accelerometry-Derived Physical Activity Correlations Between Parents and Their Fourth-Grade Child Are Specific to Time of Day and Activity Level

Accelerometry-Derived Physical Activity Correlations Between Parents and Their Fourth-Grade Child Are Specific to Time of Day and Activity Level

Support for Physical Education as a Core Subject in Urban Elementary Schools

Correlates of sedentary behaviour in 8- to 10-year-old children at elevated risk for obesity

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