The influence of physical characteristics on the resting energy expenditure of youth: A meta‐analysis

Abstract

These data suggest that using a linear equation including age, height, and body mass to estimate REE based on kcal·day is more accurate than estimates based on body mass kcal·kg ·h . Further, if kcal·kg ·h is used, including a quadratic component for the physical characteristics improves the predictive ability of the equation. Regardless of the metric, separate equations should be used for each sex.

Re‐examination of accelerometer data processing and calibration for the assessment of physical activity intensity

“…While most calibrations of accelerometers in adults have used the MET as criterion measure for activity intensity, there has been a mixture between using the MET and the activity type (eg, brisk walk, run) in children . Several studies have demonstrated an increase in the MET value with increasing age across childhood for walking and running at the same speed, which can be explained by the decreasing mass‐specific resting energy expenditure by age . In one study, different measures of energy expenditure for walking and running and their relationships with age were investigated within an age range of 5‐18 years .…”

“…7,16,[33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42] Several studies have demonstrated an increase in the MET value with increasing age across childhood for walking and running at the same speed, [10][11][12][13][14] which can be explained by the decreasing mass-specific resting energy expenditure by age. 9 In one study, different measures of energy expenditure for walking and running and their relationships with age were investigated within an age range of 5-18 years. 12 The MET value showed a moderate positive relationship with age, while VO 2NET (mL·kg −1 ·min −1 ) and VO 2ALLOM (mL·kg −0.75 ·min −1 ) showed weak-to-moderate negative relationship with age.…”

“…The MET is established by the quotient of total activity‐specific energy expenditure (TEE) and resting energy expenditure (REE); both can be established by direct measurement of oxygen uptake, but REE is often predicted from age‐ and sex‐specific equations. Because of higher proportion of metabolic active tissue, the mass‐specific (normalized by a measure of body mass) oxygen uptake during rest is higher in children compared with adults . Consequently, the MET values for specific activities increase from childhood to adulthood, which is especially apparent at moderate intensity or higher .…”

“…Because of higher proportion of metabolic active tissue, the mass-specific (normalized by a measure of body mass) oxygen uptake during rest is higher in children compared with adults. 9 Consequently, the MET values for specific activities increase from childhood to adulthood, which is especially apparent at moderate intensity or higher. [10][11][12][13][14] Still, cut-points for moderate physical activity (MPA; 3 METs) and vigorous physical activity (VPA; 6 METs) activity are used interchangeably between age-groups, but at the same time distinct values are applied (3 vs 4 METs for MPA).…”

The ActiGraph counts processing and the assessment of vigorous activity

“…A log was used to record activity start times and to extract the individual activities from the raw data. The duration of each activity was 5 min, and total energy expenditure (TEE) was calculated as the average (mlÁkg À1 Ámin À1 ), although omitting the first 60 s. Resting energy expenditure (REE) was estimated using age and weight adjusted Schofield prediction equations and used to calculate the MET value of each activity as the quotient TEE/REE (Herrmann et al, 2017). The Ethics Committee of the Region of Southern Denmark approved the calibration study.…”