The influence of oxygen in the photoexpansion of GaGeS glasses

Aging process of photosensitive chalcogenide films deposited by electron beam deposition

“…While the mechanism of photooxidation of chalcogenides is still under discussion, previous works [46][47][48][49][50][51] suggest that photo-induced changes may be due to incorporation of oxygen in the glass matrix and to formation of covalent bonds with glass-forming elements, e.g. Ge-O or Ge-OH bonds at the surface in the case of Ge-Sb-S films.…”

Frequency upconversion in a Pr3+ doped chalcogenide glass containing silver nanoparticles

“…23 However, those effects are relevant when the samples are exposed to continuous wave UV light for long time intervals. In the present case, no such photoinduced effect was observed.…”

“…Recently, chalcohalide glass-ceramics with enhanced optical and mechanical properties have been synthesized both for passive applications ͑multispectral imaging͒ 21 and active applications for rare earth doping. 22 Glasses based on the ͑Ga 2 S 3 ͒ -͑GeS 2 ͒ system have been largely studied for their high photosensitivity, 23 high REI solubility, and large transparency in the visible range, as compared to other chalcogenide glass systems. 24,25 One example of this class of materials is the Ga 10 Ge 25 S 65 ͑GGS͒ glass, which presents very good chemical durability and thermal stability, high refractive index ͑n ϳ 2.2 at 632.8 nm͒, and a transmittance window extending from the visible range to the infrared ͑0.46-12 m͒.…”

Optical spectroscopy and upconversion luminescence in Nd3+ doped Ga10Ge25S65 glass

“…One important example is the composition Ga 10 Ge 25 S 65 ͑GGS͒ due to its good chemical durability, large thermal stability, high refractive index ͑ϳ2.2͒, and broad transmission window in the 0.5-12 m region. [13][14][15] The aim of the present work is the study of the linear optical characteristics and the infrared-to-visible frequency upconversion ͑UC͒ process in GGS glass doped with neodymium ͑Nd 3+ ͒ ions. Transition probabilities, radiative lifetimes, and branching ratios associated with the Nd 3+ levels were determined by linear absorption spectroscopy and using the Judd-Ofelt ͑JO͒ theory.…”