The influence of oxidative degradation on the preparation of chitosan nanoparticles

Chitosan hydrogel beads for fulvic acid adsorption: Behaviors and mechanisms

“…Although the broad and strong band ranging from 3200 to 3600 cm −1 may be due to the overlapping of -OH and -NH stretching, the strong broad band at the wavenumber region of 3300-3500 cm −1 is characteristic of the -NH stretching vibration. The absorption bands at ∼1150 (asymmetric stretching of the COC bridge), ∼1080, and ∼1030 (skeletal vibrations involving -CO-stretching) cm −1 are characteristic of chitosan's saccharide structure [43,44]. In addition, the bands at peaks of 1592 cm −1 for chitosan hydro- gel beads can be assigned to the -NH group in amine [15], with the presence of this group being confirmed occurring at 1419 cm −1 (which may be related to the presence of -NH 2 groups).…”

Reactive and basic dyes removal by sorption onto chitosan derivatives

“…The spectra of pure chitosan presents the typical absorption bands of chitosan situated at 1663 and 1556 cm −1 , corresponding to the amide I & II respectively, and a broad band appearing at ∼3300 cm −1 due to stretching vibration of O-H, extension vibration of N-H and inter-hydrogen bonds of the polysaccharide (data non shown). The absorption bands at ∼1150 (asymmetric stretching of the COC bridge), ∼1080 and ∼1030 cm −1 (skeletal vibrations involving C=O stretching) are characteristic of chitosan's saccharide structure [31,32].…”

Chitosan nanoparticle based delivery systems for sustainable agriculture

“…This method is extensively used for the production of matrices to produce dry powders, granules and pellets from chitosan solutions and suspensions [160]. The technique is quite versatile and can be used for drugs with high or low heat-sensitivity and with high or low water solubility, and hydrophilic or hydrophobic polymers [182].…”

“…Release of active ingredient depends on molecular weight, degree of deacetylation, and concentration of chitosan [66,[158][159][160][161][162] Emulsion cross-linking High drug loading efficiency; controlled release with improved bioavailability; and easy to control particle size Tedious process, uses harsh crosslinking agents, problem of reactivity of active agent with cross-linking agent, and challenge of complete removal of unreacted cross-linking agent [40,66,159,161,163] Emulsion-droplet coalescence High loading efficiency and smaller particle size Particle size depends on the degree of deacetylation of chitosan. The decreased degree of deacetylation increases particle size which in turn decreases drug content [66,164] Precipitation Efficient control of particle size and drug release; and avoids the use of toxic organic solvents Partial protection of the loaded active agent from nuclease degradation [40,159] Reverse micellar method Thermodynamically stable particle size with suitable polydispersity index; and narrow size distribution with smaller particle size…”