The Influence of Organic Matter Origin on the Chlorine Bulk Decay Coefficient in Reclaimed Water

Abstract

Using reclaimed water has been increasing to manage water shortages arising due to climate change. Research has been conducted on reclaimed water production, but few studies have investigated the pipe network and supply of reclaimed water. Reclaimed water contains greater amounts of organic matter, nutrients, and ionic substances compared to tap water. Therefore, it is highly likely to cause problems, such as water pollution due to microbial propagation in pipes, and leakage due to pipe corrosion, which interfere with water supply system operations. This study investigated the residual chlorine decay characteristics of chlorine disinfectants applied to a control biofilm in reclaimed water pipe networks. The bulk decay coefficient was compared between reclaimed water and a humic acid solution, and the origin of organic matter was analyzed using fluorescence excitation-emission matrices. The experimental results show that residual chlorine was consumed because protein and amino acid-based organic matter reacted more rapidly with chlorine than natural organic matter, such as humic acid. Moreover, chlorine bulk decay occurred rapidly in reclaimed water when total organic carbon was 3 mg/L or higher. These results confirm that removing organic matter during reclaimed water treatment may affect the management of the pipe network system.

Electrocatalytic dehalogenation in the applications of organic synthesis and environmental degradation

“…Due to the presence of halogen atoms, halogenated organic compounds show significant biotoxicity, carcinogenicity, and mutagenicity. [42][43][44][45] With the heavy use of halogenated organic compounds, it inevitably causes the problem of leakage. For instance, various organochlorine pesticides such as PCBs and PBDEs, persistently and widely exist in the environment, 46 and accumulate through the food chain from aquatic organisms to humans, eventually threaten the human health and lives.…”

“…Due to the presence of halogen atoms, halogenated organic compounds show significant biotoxicity, carcinogenicity, and mutagenicity 42–45 . With the heavy use of halogenated organic compounds, it inevitably causes the problem of leakage.…”

Natural Organic Matter Character in Drinking Water Distribution Systems: A Review of Impacts on Water Quality and Characterization Techniques

“…While most NOM compounds are not directly concerning and are non-toxic, the persistence of NOM during distribution can lead to deterioration of water quality. For example, the presence of NOM results in loss of disinfectant residuals, critical for preventing microbial contamination [8][9][10]. Consequently, this can foster the growth of biofilms that can degrade the infrastructure of the water distribution system along with water quality [11][12][13].…”

Enhancing Native Plant Establishment in Mine Tailings under Drought Stress Conditions through the Application of Organo-Mineral Amendments and Microbial Inoculants

“…In particular, organic amendments increase soil organic carbon, which interacts with clay minerals, forming stable aggregates and improving soil structure and macroporosity. Moreover, organic matter holds hygroscopic water on the surface of soil particles and capillary water in soil pores, thereby increasing soil water retention, infiltration, and storage [ 20 , 21 , 22 ]. On the other hand, the establishment of vegetation cover in mine tailings enhances the heterotrophic microbial community, which may, in turn, promote plant growth and contribute to metal immobilization [ 23 , 24 ].…”