The Influence of Obesity on Cholecystectomy Outcomes: A Systematic Review of Laparoscopic and Open Approaches

Abstract

This systematic review evaluates the impact of obesity on the outcomes of laparoscopic versus open cholecystectomy, analyzing data from five key studies. The review explores differences in operative times, complication rates, conversion rates, and recovery times among obese patients undergoing these surgical procedures. The findings indicate that while laparoscopic cholecystectomy in obese patients tends to require longer operative times, it does not significantly increase complication rates compared to open cholecystectomy. However, the risk of conversion to open surgery is modestly elevated. The review highlights the necessity for surgical guidelines to adapt to the challenges posed by obesity, recommending advanced training and innovative technologies to improve surgical outcomes. Limitations such as study design heterogeneity and variability in defining obesity underscore the need for further research. This review contributes to optimizing surgical care strategies and improving patient outcomes in the growing demographic of obese surgical patients.