The influence of non-governmental organisations on the creation of Natura 2000 during the European Policy process

Weber, Norbert

doi:10.1016/s1389-9341(01)00070-3

Cited by 133 publications

(112 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…The Natura 2000 is one of the European Union's (EU's) most important instruments for biodiversity conservation (46) and one of the most ambitious supranational initiatives for nature conservation world-wide (47). Initiated in the mid 1990s, its aim was to create a coherent network of different habitat types, with a view to establishing a solid ecological foundation at the European level for sustainable development.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adaptive governance, ecosystem management, and natural capital

Schultz

Folke

Österblom

et al. 2015

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

272

186

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To gain insights into the effects of adaptive governance on natural capital, we compare three well-studied initiatives; a landscape in Southern Sweden, the Great Barrier Reef in Australia, and fisheries in the Southern Ocean. We assess changes in natural capital and ecosystem services related to these social–ecological governance approaches to ecosystem management and investigate their capacity to respond to change and new challenges. The adaptive governance initiatives are compared with other efforts aimed at conservation and sustainable use of natural capital: Natura 2000 in Europe, lobster fisheries in the Gulf of Maine, North America, and fisheries in Europe. In contrast to these efforts, we found that the adaptive governance cases developed capacity to perform ecosystem management, manage multiple ecosystem services, and monitor, communicate, and respond to ecosystem-wide changes at landscape and seascape levels with visible effects on natural capital. They enabled actors to collaborate across diverse interests, sectors, and institutional arrangements and detect opportunities and problems as they developed while nurturing adaptive capacity to deal with them. They all spanned local to international levels of decision making, thus representing multilevel governance systems for managing natural capital. As with any governance system, internal changes and external drivers of global impacts and demands will continue to challenge the long-term success of such initiatives.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adaptive governance, ecosystem management, and natural capital

Schultz

Folke

Österblom

et al. 2015

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

272

186

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…companies, NGOs, and other stakeholders) act and interact in an attempt to solve societal problems (Weber & Christophersen, 2002). Governance therefore is more than public policy (Driessen, Dieperink, van Laerhoven, Runhaar, & Vermeulen, 2012;Mol, 2016).…”

Section: Governance and Governance Arrangementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Promoting nature conservation by Dutch farmers: a governance perspective

Runhaar

Melman

Boonstra

et al. 2016

International Journal of Agricultural Sustainability

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Reconciling productive agricultural practices with nature conservation is not only an ecological challenge, but also a demanding matter of governance. This paper analyses the potential as well as the limitations of various governance arrangements, and explores ways to enhance the governance of nature conservation in agricultural landscapes. We assume four conditions to contribute to the performance of these arrangements: farmers should be motivated, demanded, enabled, and legitimized to participate in arrangements that promote nature conservation by farmers. We analyse 10 distinct Dutch governance arrangements in the period 2000-2016, including agri-environment schemes but also privately initiated arrangements. The arrangements target a large but unknown share of farmers and farmlands, but nature conservation ambition levels are generally low to moderate. The expected low-to-moderate performance is associated with a low-tomoderate motivation, demand, and ability. Underlying are stronger forces driving towards intensification and problems farmers face in recuperating the cost of nature conservation. New greening requirements in the EU Common Agricultural Policy and in agri-food supply chains are first, cautious steps addressing these fundamental drivers of ecological degradation. More ambitious greening requirements may contribute to a higher motivation and ability of larger groups of farmers to implement nature conservation measures.

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“…Non-governmental organizations (NGOs) play a crucial role in the political structure of the EU. For instance, according to Weber and Christophersen (2002), the forest-owner associations (CEPF and BNFF) and the environmental NGOs (WWF and Fern) perform political influence on implementing the Habitats Directive.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regulation versus subsidies in conservation with a self-interested policy maker

Palokangas

2016

Environ Econ Policy Stud

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This article examines the following case. A set of countries produce goods from labor, government input and natural resources. Because the conservation of natural resources in any country yields utility (e.g. through biodiversity) in every country, and because there is no benevolent international government, a resident of the countries is chosen as the regulator to whom conservation policy is delegated. The countries influence the regulator by their political contributions. In this common agency setup, the following result is proven: as long as the minimum conservation standards are implemented, conservation subsidies are welfare decreasing, involving excessive conservation. This suggests that there should be no "co-financing" for designated conservation sites in the EU NATURA 2000 project. Journal of Economic Literature: H23, F15, Q24

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The influence of non-governmental organisations on the creation of Natura 2000 during the European Policy process

Cited by 133 publications

References 6 publications

Adaptive governance, ecosystem management, and natural capital

Adaptive governance, ecosystem management, and natural capital

Promoting nature conservation by Dutch farmers: a governance perspective

Regulation versus subsidies in conservation with a self-interested policy maker

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