The Influence of Nitrogen Rate and Timing on `Beauregard' Sweetpotato Yield and Quality

Schultheis, Jonathan R.; Jester, W.R.; Averre, Charles W.

doi:10.21273/hortsci.30.4.758g

Cited by 2 publications

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“…Very often, N rate treatments failed to show statistical differences. For example, Schultheis et al (1995) reported the lack of yield differences in 'Beauregard' that was subjected to N rates ranging from 14 to 56 kg · ha -1 in North Carolina. However, they observed a significant yield increase between the unfertilized checks and all fertilized plots.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Variation in Nitrogen Rate and Local Availability Alter Root Architecture Attributes at the Onset of Storage Root Initiation in ‘Beauregard’ Sweetpotato

Villordon

LaBonte²,

Firon³

et al. 2013

horts

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This study characterized the influence of nitrogen (N) rates and variation in local availability on root architecture as measured by lateral root (LR) development attributes during the onset of the storage root (SR) initiation stage in ‘Beauregard’ sweetpotato adventitious roots (ARs). In N rate experiments, plants grown without fertilizer N showed significantly lower values for all measured LR attributes compared with fertilized plants. Total first- (1LR) and second-order LR (2LR) length increased by 78% and 2873%, respectively, as N was increased from 0 to 50 kg·ha−1. Total 1LR and 2LR number increased by 32% and 1465%, respectively. Increasing the N rates to 100 and 200 kg·ha−1 did not result in further increases for all LR attributes measured. There were no differences in AR number between untreated controls and plants fertilized with 50 kg N/ha. However, the number of ARs increased by 65% when fertilizer N was increased from 50 to 100 kg·ha−1. Increasing the rate to 200 kg·ha−1 did not result in further increases in AR number. In split-root experiments, roots grown in the compartment with 50 kg N/ha had 135% and 2916% increase in total 1LR and 2LR length, respectively, compared with roots grown in the compartment without fertilizer N. Total 1LR and 2LR number increased by 110% and 2114%, respectively. There were 111% more ARs in the fertilized compartment relative to the unfertilized compartment. There were no differences in LR attributes and AR number between compartments that received similar fertilizer N rates. In fertilizer placement experiments, there were no differences in LR attributes between pre-mixing fertilizer N and placement of fertilizer ≈4 cm below the surface of the growth substrate. There were also no differences between the unfertilized control and placement of fertilizer ≈4 cm from the bottom of the pot. Plants grown in substrate with pre-mixed N showed 38% and 342% increase in 1LR and 2LR length, respectively, relative to the bottom placement of N. Total number of 1LR and 2LR in the growth substrate with pre-mixed N increased by 30% and 312%, respectively, relative to the bottom placement of N. These results represent the first evidence for the association between sweetpotato root architectural attributes and variation in N rate and localized availability. These results are also consistent with findings in model systems in which local N presence is necessary for LR development. This information can be used to further optimize SR yield by helping to ensure the availability of N at the optimum rate across time and space.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Variation in Nitrogen Rate and Local Availability Alter Root Architecture Attributes at the Onset of Storage Root Initiation in ‘Beauregard’ Sweetpotato

Villordon

LaBonte²,

Firon³

et al. 2013

horts

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Nitrogen application timing has been studied in sweetpotato with the focus on the yield of this crop. Some previous studies suggested that a single N application resulted in significantly higher yield than split applications (Ankumah et al, 2003;Schultheis et al, 1995). However, another study in Louisiana indicated that applications of N split between pre-transplantation and 28 days after transplanting (DAT) increased the SR marketable yield when compared to single applications before transplantation or at 21, 28, 35 and 45 DAT (Villordon & Franklin, 2007), and the late application of N 28 DAT or later reduced the yield of the crop.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Early Nitrogen Applications Promote the Initiation of Sweetpotato Storage Roots

Tham¹,

Li²,

Brown³

et al. 2022

JAS

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A number of published studies have focused on the effects of N application timing on sweetpotato yield. However, none of them examined the influence of the timing of N fertilisation on the initiation of storage roots (SRs), which largely determines the number of tubers per plant and substantially affect the yield. A pot experiment was conducted in sand culture to evaluate the influence of N application timing (N applied on the planting day, 3, 7 and 14 days after transplanting (DAT), denoted T1, T3, T7 and T14, respectively, and a no N applied control T0) on the plant acquisition of N and the initiation of SRs of ‘Orleans’ cultivar. A previously-determined optimal N rate for the SR formation (Hoagland solution with 100mg/L N) in the experimental system was used. Rapid SR formation was found to require N during the first week after transplanting. No or late N application delayed the initiation of SRs and reduced the number of SRs. No or delayed N application inhibited the formation of regular vascular cambium (RVC) and anomalous cambium (AC) and led to an increase in lignification of stele cells leading to significantly higher proportion of lignified roots. By contrast, plants supplied with N within 7 DAT had a higher rate of SRs and lower rate of lignified roots. Also, earlier N application promoted total plant and root growth measured as higher biomass and storage root weight, as well as higher N accumulation in plants and higher nitrogen recovery efficiency (NRE). Results suggested that the SR formation required N during the first week after transplanting. Therefore, moderate N should be available in soil before or on planting day.

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The Influence of Nitrogen Rate and Timing on `Beauregard' Sweetpotato Yield and Quality

Cited by 2 publications

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Variation in Nitrogen Rate and Local Availability Alter Root Architecture Attributes at the Onset of Storage Root Initiation in ‘Beauregard’ Sweetpotato

Variation in Nitrogen Rate and Local Availability Alter Root Architecture Attributes at the Onset of Storage Root Initiation in ‘Beauregard’ Sweetpotato

Early Nitrogen Applications Promote the Initiation of Sweetpotato Storage Roots

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