The influence of nitrogen entrainment on argon plasmas created by the `Torche à Injection Axiale' (TIA)

Jonkers, J Jeroen; Hartgers, A.; Selen, Lena; Mullen, J.J.A.M. van der; Schram, D.C.

doi:10.1088/0963-0252/8/1/006

Cited by 26 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…It was also seen in other microwave-induced atmospheric pressure argon plasmas such as Torch with Axial gas Injection ͑TIA͒. 19 Their understanding is that the entrained nitrogen in the plasma is converted into N 2 + via charge transfer with argon ions ͑Ar + +N 2 → Ar+ N 2 + ͒ due to the almost equal ionization potential for argon ͑15.76 eV͒ and molecular nitrogen ͑15.58 eV͒. The N 2 + ion is consequently destroyed to become two nitrogen atoms by dissociative recombination ͑N 2 + + e − → N+N͒.…”

Section: Ambient Air Effectsmentioning

confidence: 83%

Parametric study of atmospheric pressure microwave-induced Ar∕O2 plasmas and the ambient air effect on the plasma

Moon

Choe

2006

Physics of Plasmas

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A torch type microwave-induced afterglow plasma was produced at atmospheric pressure using an open-ended fused silica concentric double tube assisted by Ar and O 2 supply gases. The plasma emerged from the end of the discharge tube and was exposed to ambient air. A parametric study of the plasma characteristics was performed by measuring the temperature, density, and plasma volume as the operational parameters such as microwave power, gas flow rate, and its composition were varied. The excitation temperature ͑T exc ͒ obtained from the Ar I emission spectrum ranged from 3010 to 4350 K and the rotational temperature ͑T rot ͒ measured from the OH and O 2 diatomic molecular spectra ranged from 2250 to 3550 K. The electron density ͑n e ͒ from the H ␤ Stark broadening width at the plasma core was in the range of 6.6 to 7.6ϫ 10 14 cm −3 . The two-dimensional distribution of T exc and T rot was also obtained. Experiments while varying the Ar and O 2 gas flow rate and the O 2 / Ar ratio showed that n e was reduced but T exc was increased as the O 2 flow rate was increased. Using an additional dielectric tube for shielding the plasma from the ambient air demonstrated a significantly enlarged plasma length and lower T rot due to the nitrogen entrainment, as compared to the unshielded case.

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Section: Ambient Air Effectsmentioning

confidence: 83%

Parametric study of atmospheric pressure microwave-induced Ar∕O2 plasmas and the ambient air effect on the plasma

Moon

Choe

2006

Physics of Plasmas

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“…TS is employed to determine the electron density n e and temperature T e with good spatial resolution [8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15]. Rayleigh scattering gives us spatially resolved heavy particle temperature T g [16][17][18][19]. In this way we can (among others) study and characterize the departure from equilibrium of the plasma.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Atmospheric microwave-induced plasmas in Ar/H₂ mixtures studied with a combination of passive and active spectroscopic methods

Palomares¹,

Iordanova²,

Gamero³

et al. 2010

J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys.

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Several active and passive diagnostic methods have been used to study atmospheric microwave induced plasmas created by a surfatron operating at a frequency of 2.45 GHz and with power values between 57 and 88 W. By comparing the results with each other, insight is obtained into essential plasma quantities, their radial distributions and the reliability of the diagnostic methods. Two laser techniques have been used, namely Thomson scattering (TS) for the determination of the electron density, n e , and temperature, T e , and Rayleigh scattering (RyS) for the determination of the heavy particle temperature, T g . In combination, three passive spectroscopic techniques are applied, the line broadening of the H β line to determine n e , and two methods of absolute intensity measurements to obtain n e and T e . The active techniques provide spatial resolution in small plasmas with sizes in the order of 0.5 mm. The results of n e measured with three different methods show good agreement, independent of the plasma settings. The T e values obtained with two techniques are in good agreement for the condition of a pure argon plasma, but they show deviations when H 2 is introduced. The introduction of a small amount (0.3 %) of H 2 into an argon plasma induces contraction, reduces n e , increases T e , enhances the departure from equilibrium and leads to conditions that are close to those found in cool atmospheric plasmas.

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“…Such a low number for the creation efficiency implies that most of the energy will be used for the heating of the plasma; and together with the gas flow rate, it is easy to find that this would mean that the heavy particle temperature will be as high as T h = 5500 K. In Refs. [5,22], it was found that in the active zone of the TIA, where electrons are heated, T h is as low as 800 K. If the T h field of the MPT is comparable with that of the TIA (and that is what we expect), we have a third severe discrepancy: The experimental T h -value is much lower than the value predicted by theory.…”

Section: Comparison Of Experiments and Theorymentioning

confidence: 67%

High-resolution electron density and temperature maps of a microwave plasma torch measured with a 2-D Thomson scattering system

Mullen

Boidin

Sandea

2004

Spectrochimica Acta Part B: Atomic Spectroscopy

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The influence of nitrogen entrainment on argon plasmas created by the `Torche à Injection Axiale' (TIA)

Cited by 26 publications

References 20 publications

Parametric study of atmospheric pressure microwave-induced Ar∕O2 plasmas and the ambient air effect on the plasma

Parametric study of atmospheric pressure microwave-induced Ar∕O2 plasmas and the ambient air effect on the plasma

Atmospheric microwave-induced plasmas in Ar/H₂ mixtures studied with a combination of passive and active spectroscopic methods

High-resolution electron density and temperature maps of a microwave plasma torch measured with a 2-D Thomson scattering system

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The influence of nitrogen entrainment on argon plasmas created by the `Torche à Injection Axiale' (TIA)

Cited by 26 publications

References 20 publications

Parametric study of atmospheric pressure microwave-induced Ar∕O2 plasmas and the ambient air effect on the plasma

Parametric study of atmospheric pressure microwave-induced Ar∕O2 plasmas and the ambient air effect on the plasma

Atmospheric microwave-induced plasmas in Ar/H2 mixtures studied with a combination of passive and active spectroscopic methods

High-resolution electron density and temperature maps of a microwave plasma torch measured with a 2-D Thomson scattering system

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Atmospheric microwave-induced plasmas in Ar/H₂ mixtures studied with a combination of passive and active spectroscopic methods