The influence of microhabitats on the carbon isotopic composition of deep‐sea benthic foraminifera

McCorkle, Daniel C.; Keigwin, Lloyd D; Corliss, Bruce H.; Emerson, Steven

doi:10.1029/pa005i002p00161

Cited by 349 publications

(246 citation statements)

References 64 publications

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“…Benthic foraminifera record δ 13 C DIC of bottom water or porewater with negative offsets (e.g. Grossman (1987);McCorkle et al (1990); Rathburn et al (1996)), but a few epibenthic species such as C. wuellerstorfi, in the absence of other effects, capture δ 13 C DIC more or less exactly in their δ 13 C foram (e.g. Woodruff et al (1980); Duplessy et al (1984)).…”

Section: δ 13 C Dicmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Infaunal species tend to record lower δ 13 C foram values than epifaunal ones (e.g. Grossman (1987); McCorkle et al (1990); Rathburn et al (1996)). Therefore, many authors of palaeoceanographic studies have focused on epifaunal species such as Cibicidoides wuellerstorfi Schwager 1866, that record δ 13 C DIC more faithfully in a 1:1 relationship (Woodruff et al, 1980;Zahn et al, 1986;Duplessy et al, 1988;Hodell et al, 2001).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Modelling δ13C in benthic foraminifera: Insights from model sensitivity experiments

Hesse

Wolf-Gladrow

Lohmann

et al. 2014

Marine Micropaleontology

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The δ 13 C value measured on benthic foraminiferal tests is widely used by palaeoceanographers to reconstruct the distribution of past water masses. The biogeochemical processes involved in forming the benthic foraminiferal δ 13 C signal (δ 13 C foram ), however, are not fully understood and a sound mechanistic description is still lacking. We use a reaction-diffusion model for calcification developed by Wolf-Gladrow et al. (1999) and Zeebe et al. (1999) in order to quantify the effects of different physical, chemical, and biological processes on δ 13 C foram of an idealised benthic foraminiferal shell. Changes in the δ 13 C value of dissolved inorganic carbon (δ 13 C DIC ) cause equal changes in δ 13 C foram in the model. The results further indicate that temperature, respiration rate, and pH have a significant impact on δ 13 C foram . In contrast, salinity, pressure, the δ 13 C value of particulate organic carbon (δ 13 C POC ), total alkalinity, and calcification rate show only a limited influence. In sensitivity experiments we assess how combining these effects can influence δ 13 C foram . We can potentially explain 33 to 47% of the interglacial-to-glacial decrease in δ 13 C foram by changes in temperature and pH, without invoking changes in δ 13 C DIC . Furthermore, about a quarter of the −0.4‰ change in δ 13 C foram observed in phytodetritus layers can be accounted for by an increase in respiration rate and a reduction in pH.

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Section: δ 13 C Dicmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modelling δ13C in benthic foraminifera: Insights from model sensitivity experiments

Hesse

Wolf-Gladrow

Lohmann

et al. 2014

Marine Micropaleontology

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“…McCorkle et al, 1997). Furthermore, isotope analysis of "live" (Rose Bengal stained) foraminifera reveals a narrow range of isotope values for individuals of the same species despite them having been recovered from a wide range of depths beneath the sediment surface (McCorkle et al, 1990(McCorkle et al, , 1997Schmiedl et al, 2004;Fontanier et al, 2006bFontanier et al, , 2008Theodor et al, 2016). A narrow intra-species range of δ 13 C composition of "live" specimens recovered from a range of sediment depths argues against individuals having calcified at the depths from which they were recovered (since pore water δ 13 C DIC gradients are not reflected in the foraminifera).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“Live” (stained) benthic foraminiferal living depths, stable isotopes, and taxonomy offshore South Georgia, Southern Ocean: implications for calcification depths

Dejardin

Kender

Allen

et al. 2018

J. Micropalaeontol.

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Abstract. It is widely held that benthic foraminifera exhibit species-specific calcification depth preferences, with their tests recording sediment pore water chemistry at that depth (i.e. stable isotope and trace metal compositions). This assumed depth-habitat-specific pore water chemistry relationship has been used to reconstruct various palaeoenvironmental parameters, such as bottom water oxygenation. However, many deepwater foraminiferal studies show wide intra-species variation in sediment living depth but relatively narrow intra-species variation in stable isotope composition. To investigate this depth-habitat-stable-isotope relationship on the shelf, we analysed depth distribution and stable isotopes of "living" (Rose Bengal stained) benthic foraminifera from two box cores collected on the South Georgia shelf (ranging from 250 to 300 m water depth). We provide a comprehensive taxonomic analysis of the benthic fauna, comprising 79 taxonomic groupings. The fauna shows close affinities with shelf assemblages from around Antarctica. We find "live" specimens of a number of calcareous species from a range of depths in the sediment column. Stable isotope ratios (δ 13 C and δ 18 O) were measured on stained specimens of three species, Astrononion echolsi, Cassidulinoides porrectus, and Buccella sp. 1, at 1 cm depth intervals within the downcore sediment sequences. In agreement with studies in deep-water settings, we find no significant intra-species variability in either δ 13 C foram or δ 18 O foram with sediment living depth on the South Georgia shelf. Our findings add to the growing evidence that infaunal benthic foraminiferal species calcify at a fixed depth. Given the wide range of depths at which we find "living", "infaunal" species, we speculate that they may actually calcify predominantly at the sediment-seawater interface, where carbonate ion concentration and organic carbon availability is at a maximum.

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“…This is a pre-requisite for obtaining a record of chemical variations in bottom water by this approach Ž . rather than in pore water McCorkle et al, 1990 . The site of core RB92-3 was selected for downcore analysis.…”

Section: Core Selectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A record of estuarine water contamination from the Cd content of foraminiferal tests in San Francisco Bay, California

Geen

Luoma

1999

Marine Chemistry

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A five-year dissolved Cd time series from San Francisco Bay and adjacent coastal water shows that the composition of surface water towards the mouth of the estuary is determined largely by the effect of coastal upwelling. Cd concentrations Ž . inside and outside the estuary 0.2-1.0 nmolrkg increase as Cd-rich deep water is advected to the surface near the coast Ž . during spring and summer. On average, the mean Cd concentrations inside San Francisco Bay 0.54 nmolrkg during Ž . 1991-1995 was significantly higher than outside 0.35 nmolrkg , however. Surface samples collected throughout San Francisco Bay confirm an internal Cd source unrelated to river discharge. The Cd content of the test of a benthic foraminifer Ž . Elphidiella hannai in a dated sediment core from San Francisco Bay was measured to determine if the water column Cd enrichments in San Francisco Bay could be related to the rapid development of the watershed. The method is based on the observation that the CdrCa ratio of carefully cleaned tests of foraminifera is determined by the dissolved Cd content of overlying water at the time of test formation. Pre-industrial foraminiferal CdrCa ratios in the sediment core average Ž . Ž . 274 " 15 nmolrmol n s 19 nmolrmol. Foraminiferal CdrCa ratios increased to 386 " 33 nmolrmol n s 19 over the past several decades indicating a 40% increase in the mean Cd content of surface water in Central San Francisco Bay. We suggest that, in addition to Cd discharges into the estuary, indirect consequences of agricultural development in the Central Valley of California could have contributed to this increase. This new method to reconstruct estuarine contamination is not affected by some of the processes that complicate the interpretation of changes in bulk sediment metal concentrations. q

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The influence of microhabitats on the carbon isotopic composition of deep‐sea benthic foraminifera

Cited by 349 publications

References 64 publications

Modelling δ13C in benthic foraminifera: Insights from model sensitivity experiments

Modelling δ13C in benthic foraminifera: Insights from model sensitivity experiments

“Live” (stained) benthic foraminiferal living depths, stable isotopes, and taxonomy offshore South Georgia, Southern Ocean: implications for calcification depths

A record of estuarine water contamination from the Cd content of foraminiferal tests in San Francisco Bay, California

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