The influence of matrix habitat on Aphthona flea beetle immigration to leafy spurge patches

Jonsen, Ian D.; Bourchier, Robert S.; Roland, Jens

doi:10.1007/s004420000589

Cited by 74 publications

(55 citation statements)

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“…These data include both individuals that remained in the same fragment and those that moved between fragments within the same landscape. Thoeny, 1993;Turchin, 1998;Jonsen et al, 2001). The low number of beetles recaptured may be an artifact of the sampling method (i.e., nets do not collect all individuals in an area), but also may indicate that many ladybirds could have rapidly abandoned the landscapes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ladybird (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) dispersal in experimental fragmented alfalfa landscapes

Grez¹,

Zaviezo²,

Ríos³

2005

Eur. J. Entomol.

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Abstract. Habitat fragmentation may affect the dispersal behaviour of individuals across the landscape. If there is a high boundary contrast between the remaining fragments and the matrix, individuals should tend to stay inside the fragments, but the configuration of the landscape, i.e. the level of fragmentation and isolation distance between fragments, may modulate this. To test these ideas, we made several mark-recapture experiments with the ladybird Eriopis connexa (Germ.) in manipulated alfalfa model landscapes (30 × 30 m). Specifically we evaluated (i) ladybird movement and permanence in alfalfa and bare ground areas, (ii) how they move across fragment/matrix boundaries, (iii) how their movement between fragments within a landscape is affected by fragmentation level and isolation distance, and (iv) how their permanence in the landscape is affected by fragmentation level and isolation distance. The fragmented alfalfa landscapes had a constant level of habitat loss (84%), but varied in the level of habitat fragmentation (4 or 16 fragments), and isolation distance between fragments (2 or 6 m). We also sampled aphid abundance in the different landscapes through time. We found that ladybirds stay longer and displace less in alfalfa than on bare ground, and that they move less from the alfalfa fragments to the neighbouring bare ground matrix than vice versa. At the landscape level, ladybirds had a higher inter-fragment movement when fragments were closer, they tended to remain in less fragmented landscapes, regardless of their isolation distance. Aphid abundance increased in time, but it was similar in all landscapes. Ladybird movement within fragments, in the matrix and in the boundary between both habitats explains why ladybirds concentrate within alfalfa fragments. However, their dispersal movements at the landscape level do not reflect the higher abundance sometimes found for several species of ladybirds in more fragmented landscapes. At this larger scale, other mechanisms may have a stronger influence in determining the abundance of ladybirds.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ladybird (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) dispersal in experimental fragmented alfalfa landscapes

Grez¹,

Zaviezo²,

Ríos³

2005

Eur. J. Entomol.

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“…In addition to reduced abundance of spurge in herbicide plots, plants that have survived herbicide application may provide fewer nutrients to herbivores than plants that have not experienced such a stress (Messersmith and Adkins, 1995). If A. nigriscutis is more mobile than A. lacertosa in this study area, as Jonsen et al (2001) found in similar habitat, A. nigriscutis may be more likely to abandon herbicide-controlled patches for greater resource availability elsewhere. Results of the structural equation models indicated that the relationship between previous year's spurge density and current year's relative abundance of A. lacertosa and A. nigriscutis was abolished by herbicide application that had occurred 1-2 years prior, but that the relationship was reestablished 2-3 years post-herbicide.…”

Section: Interactions Between Herbicide and Flea Beetlesmentioning

confidence: 91%

Short-term disruption of a leafy spurge (Euphorbia esula) biocontrol program following herbicide application

Larson¹,

Grace²,

Rabie

et al. 2007

Biological Control

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Integrated pest management (IPM) for invasive plant species is being advocated by researchers and implemented by land managers, but few studies have evaluated the success of IPM programs in natural areas. We assessed the relative effects of components of an IPM program for leafy spurge (Euphorbia esula), an invasive plant, at Theodore Roosevelt National Park, North Dakota. Effects of herbicides on leafy spurge abundance and on dynamics of flea beetles (Aphthona spp.) used to control leafy spurge were evaluated over three field seasons following herbicide application. We monitored leafy spurge-infested plots with established flea beetle populations that had received picloram plus 2,4-D in September 1997 or 1998, imazapic in September 1998, versus those with no chemical treatment. Mature stem counts did not differ significantly between treated and untreated plots in 2001, suggesting that leafy spurge stands had recovered from herbicide treatment. Flea beetles were less abundant on plots with a history of herbicide treatment. Structural equation models indicated that in 2000 negative correlations between relative abundances of the two flea beetle species were greater on plots that had received herbicide treatments than on those that had not, but by 2001 no differences were apparent between treated and untreated plots. These results suggest that the most effective component of IPM for leafy spurge at this site is biological control. All herbicide effects we observed were short-lived, but the increased negative correlation between flea beetle relative abundances during 2000 implies that herbicide application may have temporarily disrupted an effective biological control program at this site.

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“…In that study, black beetle abundance was not found to be significantly greater than brown beetles in any vegetation type, despite the overall greater number of releases thought to consist primarily of black beetles. Jonsen et al (2001) reported significantly higher immigration probabilities for brown beetles in Canada as compared to black beetles, especially in a grassland-dominated landscape. They suggested that the larger wings of brown beetles, compared to black beetles, may play a major role in the higher dispersal patterns.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several interacting factors probably contributed to low beetle abundance in South Dakota compared to Montana. First, infestations of leafy spurge in South Dakota were typically much smaller and more widely distributed than those found on the Montana study site, which likely reduced the potential for natural dispersal of the insects (Jonsen et al 2001). Second, because of the overall high infestation level within the Montana study site, several off-plot releases were made by landowners and managers in 1999 and 2000, increasing the probability that insects would eventually disperse into nonrelease plots.…”

Section: à2mentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficacy of Flea Beetle Control of Leafy Spurge in Montana and South Dakota

Butler

Parker

Murphy

2006

REM

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Black (Aphthona lacertosa and Aphthona czwalinae) and brown (Aphthona nigriscutis) flea beetles are among the more successful biological control agents used in the control and management of leafy spurge on a relatively large scale in the Northern Great Plains. The objectives of this study were to document leafy spurge population dynamics in response to control by black and brown flea beetles, determine the role of selected site characteristics on establishment and persistence of the beetles, and evaluate the general response of the resident vegetation to control of leafy spurge. In late June 1998, about 3 000 insects of each species were released into permanently marked plots in northwestern South Dakota and southeastern Montana. Beetle abundance, density and foliar cover of leafy spurge, and foliar cover of the resident vegetation were evaluated each year from 1998 through 2004. Black beetles increased rapidly and peaked at 65% of their measurable potential abundance within 2 years (P , 0.05) following release and dominated all release plots throughout the study. Although population growth characteristics of black flea beetles were highly variable, the successful patterns in reducing the dominance of leafy spurge were fairly consistent. By 2004, foliar cover of leafy spurge on both release and nonrelease plots was significantly reduced compared to prerelease values. Foliar cover of grass and grasslike plants increased concomitantly with the reduction in leafy spurge dominance while cover of forbs on release and nonrelease plots remained consistently below noninfested values.

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The influence of matrix habitat on Aphthona flea beetle immigration to leafy spurge patches

Cited by 74 publications

References 50 publications

Ladybird (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) dispersal in experimental fragmented alfalfa landscapes

Ladybird (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) dispersal in experimental fragmented alfalfa landscapes

Short-term disruption of a leafy spurge (Euphorbia esula) biocontrol program following herbicide application

Efficacy of Flea Beetle Control of Leafy Spurge in Montana and South Dakota

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