The influence of LPL S447X variants and obesity on lipid profile, oxidative stress, and the risk of T2DM: A case‐control study

Abstract

Aims The present study aimed to investigate the association between lipoprotein lipase (LPL) S447X polymorphism and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), obesity, lipid profile, and oxidative stress parameters in a population from the Kurdistan region of Iraq. Method We studied 250 adults (51% female and 49% male) aged 45–65 years in four groups, obese and normal body mass index (BMI) diabetic patients versus healthy normal BMI and obese individuals as controls. Lipid profile and oxidative stress parameters were analyzed by colorimetric assay. The LPL S447X genotypes were detected by polymerase chain reaction (PCR)‐restriction fragment length polymorphism. Results We found that the obese diabetic group had higher levels of triglycerides (TG), cholesterol, and low‐density lipoprotein‐cholesterol, and lower level of high‐density lipoprotein‐cholesterol than other groups. Obese diabetic patients had higher anthropometric indices than nonobese diabetic patients, obese and normal BMI controls. The levels of TG and total oxidative status (TOS) were significantly lower and higher, respectively, in normal BMI controls than in obese controls. Obese diabetic patients had a lower level of total antioxidant capacity than nondiabetic obese controls. The level of TOS was lower in nondiabetic controls compared to the patient groups. Obese diabetic patients had the highest TOS and malondialdehyde levels. The LPL SX genotype was associated with decreased the risk of T2DM by 79% (odds ratio [OR] = 0.21; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.05–0.81, p = 0.03). Also, the presence of this genotype reduced the risk of obesity by 39% (OR = 0.61; 95% CI: 0.07–4.90, p = 0.6). In all individuals, the presence of the SX genotype was associated with significantly lower levels of fasting blood sugar (FBS) and TOS. Conclusion We report the influence of obesity on lipid profile in diabetic and nondiabetic individuals and the effect of LPL SX genotype on decreased risk of T2DM and reduced levels of FBS and TOS.