The influence of lightweight aggregate, freezing–thawing procedure and air entraining agent on freezing–thawing damage

Abstract

This article presents the results of a study dealing with the concrete resistance to repeated cycles of freezing and thawing of nonair entrained, fine lightweight aggregate (LWA) and air‐entrained concrete when tested in accordance with ASTM C 666, procedures A and B. The water‐to‐binder ratios (w/b) of the mixtures ranged from 0.25 to 0.35, and the percentage of cement replacement by silica fume were 7% on a weight basis and constant throughout study. Binder dosage was 500 kg/m3 and constant. LWA was pumice aggregate (PA) and expanded perlite aggregate (EPA). PA and EPA were replaced by 10, 20, and 30% of total volume of 1 m3 as a fine aggregate (0–2 mm fine aggregate fraction). Also one group was produced with air entraining agent by 0.1% ratio of binder dosage. The 200 freeze–thaw cycles were carried out according to ASTM C666/C666M‐15, procedure A and B. The compressive strength, ultrasonic pulse velocity, relative dynamic modulus of elasticity and dry unit weight of mixtures were investigated. Based upon the analysis of the test data, it is concluded that samples contain air‐entrained agent and 10% LWA were more durable than that of control sample. With the increasing of the LWA content the freeze–thaw resistance of samples decreased. Thus, higher content of LWA is not recommended when it is to be subjected to repeated freeze–thaw cycles. Freezing–thawing procedures were compared with each other and found that procedure A was more severe than procedure B.

The influence of expanded perlite aggregate on compressive strength, linear autogenous shrinkage, restrained shrinkage, heat of hydration of cement‐based materials

“…It was observed that the compressive strengths of EPA10, EPA20, and EPA30 reduced 3.97, 9.40, and 18.55% for 28 days and 5.33, 9.21, and 16.64% for 90 days, respectively. A significant decrease in the compressive strength occurred for the higher amount expanded perlite . For instance, the compressive strength of C was 68.74 MPa while the EPA30’s compressive strength was 57.30 MPa for 90 days.…”

“…A significant decrease in the compressive strength occurred for the higher amount expanded perlite. 36,37 For instance, the compressive strength of C was 68.74 MPa while the EPA30's compressive strength was 57.30 MPa for 90 days. According to Table 4, the unit weight of fresh concrete is decreased with increasing the EPA content.…”

A Review of the Mechanical Properties and Durability of Ecological Concretes in a Cold Climate in Comparison to Standard Ordinary Portland Cement-Based Concrete

“…The strength development was accelerated, and the concretes also showed a low surface scaling of 82 g/m 2 when subjected to 56 freeze-thaw cycles in a 3% NaCl solution. Concrete without admixtures showed surface scaling of 11,851 g/m 2 [25,37,38].…”

Fractional‐order freezing‐and‐thawing damage model for hydraulic concrete subjected to variable temperature processes

“…Freezing‐and‐thawing damage often occurs in the water‐level fluctuation zone or on the downstream side of water projects, and freezing‐and‐thawing damage is especially serious for thin‐walled concrete structures, such as aqueducts, gate piers, slabs, and buttress dams. Therefore, it is important to study the frost resistance durability of concrete structures in water engineering applications 2 …”