The Influence of Land Use To River Water Quality Level by Using The Water Quality Index Of National Sanitation Foundation (WQI-NSF) Method (Case Study: Klampok River, Semarang District)

Abstract

Klampok River is a river located in Semarang Regency, Central Java, which is in the Klampok Sub-watershed part of the Jragung Watershed. This 16-km-long river crosses four sub-districts in Semarang Regency, namely Bandungan, Bawen, Bergas, and Pringapus. Most of the land use along the Klampok watershed is for agricultural, residential, plantation, and industrial activities. This study aims to find out the water quality in Klampok River using Water Quality Index National Sanitation Foundation method and analyze the influence of land use and land cover (LULC) towards water quality with descriptive analysis. Land use patterns were analyzed using ArcGIS 10.3.1 software. Overall, the index value shows that the Klampok River is in good status and based on Government Regulation no. 82 of 2001, only the Fecal coliform parameter exceeded the quality standard. The highest index value (77.41) is in segment 2 with dominant land use in the form of agriculture and settlements and the lowest (73.88) in segment 4 with land use in the form of plantations, residential, and industrial activities.

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“…The importance of parameter groups is identified for this case. Then the importance of the parameters within the parameter group is identified and the weight value is given at the end The criteria that were used to determine the quality of the water once calculated with the WQI-NSF, Dinius-WQI, and modified WQI are shown in table 6 (Akhtar et al, 2021;Gradilla-Hernández et al, 2020;Gupta & Gupta, 2021;Hoseinzadeh et al, 2015;Mukate et al, 2019;Nong et al, 2020;Nugraha et al, 2020;Uddin et al, 2021;Ustaoğlu et al, 2020;Zotou et al, 2020Zotou et al, , 2019. The results obtained by this methodology are analyzed according to the information in table 5 to identify whether the quality is excellent or bad as endpoints of the valuation.…”

“…The US National Sanitation Foundation -water quality index (WQI-NSF) is used worldwide for this type of study. This method referred to here as Ramirez's approach, is based on characteristics of North American rivers, which relate physical-chemical variables to average weights assigned to each for evaluating the specific pollution type (Gradilla-Hernández et al, 2020;Nugraha, Cahyo, & Hardyanti, 2020).…”