The Influence of Land Use/Land Cover on Climatological Values of the Diurnal Temperature Range

Gallo, Kevin P.; Easterling, David R.; Peterson, Thomas C.

doi:10.1175/1520-0442(1996)009<2941:tioluc>2.0.co;2

Cited by 201 publications

(127 citation statements)

References 4 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

117

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Results for a case study by Bohnenstengel et al (2011) also suggest a nocturnal urban temperature increment of more than one 1 K in most of the urban area of London. A reduction in the DTR defined in Equation (1) due to urbanisation was observed across the entire domain, with an average of −0.74 ± 0.31 K. These values are broadly consistent with those reported in other studies from around the world (Gallo et al, 1996;Lamptey et al, 2005;Kan et al, 2007;Trusilova et al, 2008). The reduction in the DTR is due to changes in both the maximum and minimum diurnal temperatures.…”

Section: Temperaturesupporting

confidence: 88%

Modelling the impact of urbanisation on regional climate in the Greater London Area

Grawe

Thompson

Salmond

et al. 2012

Intl Journal of Climatology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Urban areas have well-documented effects on climate, such as the urban heat island (UHI) effect, reduction of wind speeds, enhanced turbulence and boundary layer heights, and changes in cloud cover and precipitation. The aim of this study is to quantify the impact of the urban area of London on local and regional climate. This is achieved through the coupling of the non-hydrostatic mesoscale model METRAS with the sophisticated urban canopy scheme BEP. The model is configured for case studies of the London region, for typical UHI conditions, and the model results are evaluated using data from meteorological monitoring sites. This study develops a methodology to quantify the regional impact of urbanisation from numerical model results. The urban area, in its current form, is found to affect near surface temperature, the diurnal temperature range, the UHI, and the near surface wind speed and direction. For the selected cases, peak UHI intensities of up to 2.5 K are found during night time hours, with the timing and magnitude of the peak showing good agreement with previous experimental studies for London. The timing of the UHI peak intensity for the current urban land cover for London shows a good agreement with the results of measurements. A significant reduction in wind speed over the urban area was also simulated during both daytime and night time, due to the higher roughness of the city compared to the rural domain. The effect is shown to have a regional character, with both urban and surrounding rural areas demonstrating a significant impact. Thus, the UHI can not only be understood when focussing on local data, but the interaction with the surrounding needs to be considered.

show abstract

Section: Temperaturesupporting

confidence: 88%

Modelling the impact of urbanisation on regional climate in the Greater London Area

Grawe

Thompson

Salmond

et al. 2012

Intl Journal of Climatology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…However both the higher temperature trends at the surface than in the troposphere as shown in Figure 1 and a lack of agreement with climate models as shown in Figure 2 suggest a hitherto-overlooked driver of local surface temperature increases, which is linked to the degree of industrialization. This lends strong support to other indications that surface processes (possibly changes in land-use or the urban heat effect) are crucial players in observed surface temperature changes [Kalnay and Cai, 2003;Gallo et al, 1996Gallo et al, , 1999. Although the exact mechanisms have yet to be determined our findings show that a significant part of the observed surface warming is related to processes other than enhanced greenhouse warming.…”

Section: Data and Analysis Overviewsupporting

confidence: 88%

Industrial CO₂ emissions as a proxy for anthropogenic influence on lower tropospheric temperature trends

Laat

Maurellis

2004

Geophysical Research Letters

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

[1] Surface temperature trends during the last two decades show a significant increase which appears to be anthropogenic in origin. We investigate global temperature changes using surface as well as satellite measurements and show that lower tropospheric temperature trends for the period 1979 -2001 are spatially correlated to anthropogenic surface CO 2 emissions, which we use as a measure of industrialization. Furthermore, temperature trends for the regions not spatially correlated with these CO 2 emissions are considerably smaller or even negligible for some of the satellite data. We also show, using the same measure, that two important climate models do not reproduce the geographical climate response to all known forcings as found in the observed temperature trends. We speculate that the observed surface temperature changes might be a result of local surface heating processes and not related to radiative greenhouse gas forcing.

show abstract

“…Studies based on historical climatic data have shown that a decrease in DR m has been observed almost globally [54]. Further, connections between decreased DR m and increased urbanization have been made according to multiple studies at different geographical locations [55][56][57][58][59][60][61]. We also found a consistent trend in the two states of South Carolina and North Carolina, where a lower DR m occurs in the counties (far from the cost) with higher populations in the urban areas (Figure 4(e)).…”

Section: Climatic Influences On Ndvimentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling Species Distribution Using Niche-Based Proxies Derived from Composite Bioclimatic Variables and MODIS NDVI

Feilhauer

Rocchini

2012

Remote Sensing

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Vegetation mapping based on niche theory has proven useful in understanding the rules governing species assembly at various spatial scales. Remote-sensing derived distribution maps depicting occurrences of target species are frequently based on biophysical and biochemical properties of species. However, environmental conditions, such as climatic variables, also affect spectral signals simultaneously. Further, climatic variables are the major drivers of species distribution at macroscales. Therefore, the objective of this study is to determine if species distribution can be modeled using an indirect link to climate and remote sensing data (MODIS NDVI time series). We used plant occurrence data in the US states of North Carolina and South Carolina and 19 climatic variables to generate floristic and climatic gradients using principal component analysis, then we further modeled the correlations between floristic gradients and NDVI using Partial Least Square regression. We found strong statistical relationship between species distribution and NDVI time series in a region where clear floristic and climatic gradients exist. If this precondition is given, the use of niche-based proxies may be suitable for predictive modeling of species distributions at regional scales. This indirect estimation of vegetation patterns may be a viable alternative to mapping approaches using biochemistry-driven spectral signature of species.

show abstract

The Influence of Land Use/Land Cover on Climatological Values of the Diurnal Temperature Range

Cited by 201 publications

References 4 publications

Modelling the impact of urbanisation on regional climate in the Greater London Area

Modelling the impact of urbanisation on regional climate in the Greater London Area

Industrial CO₂ emissions as a proxy for anthropogenic influence on lower tropospheric temperature trends

Modeling Species Distribution Using Niche-Based Proxies Derived from Composite Bioclimatic Variables and MODIS NDVI

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

The Influence of Land Use/Land Cover on Climatological Values of the Diurnal Temperature Range

Cited by 201 publications

References 4 publications

Modelling the impact of urbanisation on regional climate in the Greater London Area

Modelling the impact of urbanisation on regional climate in the Greater London Area

Industrial CO2 emissions as a proxy for anthropogenic influence on lower tropospheric temperature trends

Modeling Species Distribution Using Niche-Based Proxies Derived from Composite Bioclimatic Variables and MODIS NDVI

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Industrial CO₂ emissions as a proxy for anthropogenic influence on lower tropospheric temperature trends