The influence of ionospheric thin shell height on TEC retrieval from GPS observation

Wang, Xiaolan; Wan, Qingtao; Ma, Guanyi; Li, Jinghua; Fan, Jiangtao

doi:10.1088/1674-4527/16/7/116

Cited by 13 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…In Fig. 3b, the nighttime UNIBE-VTEC is generally larger than PSGM-VTEC, which may be caused by these reasons: (1) the shell height parameter is 450 km in UNIBE, VTEC may be slightly overestimated than 400 km (Wang et al 2016); (2) the UNIBE-VTEC is provided every 2.5° of latitudes, lower latitude coverage (33.75°N to 35°N) may enlarge the VTEC estimation at 35°N; (3) the assumption that DCB in one day is unchanged may overestimate nighttime VTEC compared with the assumption that phase bias of an arc is unchanged.…”

Section: Vtec Resultsmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…At the beginning of "VTEC result" section, we assume that the height of ionospheric shell is fixed at 400 km to simplify the calculation. But actually, the height of the ionospheric shell always changes with time and place (Wang et al 2016;Lu et al 2017). For PSGM, the change of shell height parameter is easier to map IPPs to different grids under different satellite elevation than PBGM.…”

Section: Shell Height Parameter Optimizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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High-precision VTEC derivation with GEONET

Maruyama

et al. 2020

Earth Planets Space

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This paper proposes a new technique, namely Phase bias-based Small Grid Model (PSGM), to derive absolute ionospheric vertical total electron content (VTEC) with observations of Global Navigation Satellite System Earth Observation Network of Japan (GEONET). The proposed technique deals with the phase observations alone without handling the pseudoranges, which reduces the noise in VTEC estimation. A new parameter, the arc bias (B arc), is introduced to combine the phase ambiguities and differential phase biases. To solve B arc , equations are constructed under the assumption that the VTEC is identical in the same 0.1° × 0.1° grid. The performance of PSGM is evaluated with the observations in solar maximum year 2014. The root mean square error (RMSE) of PSGM is 0.40 TECU in average, the maximum RMSE is 0.73 TECU and the minimum RMSE is 0.26 TECU. The fitting accuracy of the VTEC results is improved compared with most of the existing methods.

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Section: Vtec Resultsmentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Shell Height Parameter Optimizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

High-precision VTEC derivation with GEONET

Maruyama

et al. 2020

Earth Planets Space

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“…They concluded that a unique height did not achieve zero conversion errors and that solar activities, time of year, and latitude affected the errors. Wang et al [8] demonstrated that every 100 km of height increase resulted in a difference of about 1.8 TEC unit (TECU) in VTEC.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Enhanced Mapping Function with Ionospheric Varying Height

Xiang

Gao

2019

Remote Sensing

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Mapping function (MF) converts the line-of-sight slant total electron content (STEC) into the vertical total electron content (VTEC), and vice versa. In an MF, an essential parameter is the ionospheric effective height. However, the inhomogeneous ionosphere makes this height vary spatially and temporally, meaning it is not a global constant. In the paper, we review several mapping functions and propose a mapping function that utilizes the ionospheric varying height (IVH). We investigate impacts of the IVH on mapping errors and on the ionospheric modeling, as well as on the satellite and receiver differential code biases (DCBs). Our analysis results indicate that the mapping errors using IVH are smaller than those from the fixed height of 450 km. The integral height achieves smaller mapping errors than using a fixed height of 450 km, an improvement of about 8% when compared with the fixed height of 450 km. And 35% smaller mapping errors were found using HmF2 at the lower latitude. Also, the effects of IVH on the satellite DCBs are about 0.1 ns, and larger impacts on the receiver DCBs at 1.0 ns.

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“…In general, it is considered that the derived TEC in carrier phase leveling or smoothing technique consists of slant TEC (STEC), the combination differential code bias (DCB) of satellite and receiver, multipath effects and noise. The DCB is usually considered as the main error source and could be as large as several TEC units (TECu) (Lanyi and Roth, 1988;Warnant, 1997).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Li et al (2018) applied a new determination method of the shell height based on the combined international GNSS service (IGS) Global Ionospheric Maps and the two methods mentioned above to the Chinese region and indicated that the optimal shell height in China ranges from 450 to 550 km. Wang et al (2016) studied the shell height for a gridbased algorithm by analyzing goodness of fit for STEC. Lu et al (2017) applied this method to different VTEC models and investigated the optimal shell heights at solar maximum and at solar minimum.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Validation and application of optimal ionospheric shell height model for single-site estimation of total electron content

Zhao

Zhou

2019

Ann. Geophys.

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Abstract. We recently proposed a method to establish an optimal ionospheric shell height model based on the international GNSS service (IGS) station data and the differential code bias (DCB) provided by the Center for Orbit Determination in Europe (CODE) during the time from 2003 to 2013. This method is very promising for DCB and accurate total electron content (TEC) estimation by comparing to the traditional fixed shell height method. However, this method is basically feasible only for IGS stations. In this study, we investigate how to apply the optimal ionospheric shell height derived from IGS station to non-IGS stations or isolated GNSS receivers. The intuitive and practical method to estimate TEC of non-IGS stations is based on optimal ionospheric shell height derived from nearby IGS stations. To validate this method, we selected two dense networks of IGS stations located in regions in the US and Europe. Two optimal ionospheric shell height models are established by two reference stations, namely GOLD and PTBB, which are located at the approximate center of two selected regions. The predicted daily optimal ionospheric shell heights by the two models are applied to other IGS stations around these two reference stations. Daily DCBs are calculated according to these two optimal shell heights and compared to respective DCBs released by CODE. The validation results of this method are as follows. (1) Optimal ionospheric shell height calculated by IGS stations can be applied to its nearby non-IGS stations or isolated GNSS receivers for accurate TEC estimation. (2) As the distance away from the reference IGS station becomes larger, the DCB estimation error becomes larger. The relation between the DCB estimation error and the distance is generally linear.

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The influence of ionospheric thin shell height on TEC retrieval from GPS observation

Cited by 13 publications

References 37 publications

High-precision VTEC derivation with GEONET

High-precision VTEC derivation with GEONET

An Enhanced Mapping Function with Ionospheric Varying Height

Validation and application of optimal ionospheric shell height model for single-site estimation of total electron content

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