Intake boosting is an important feature of modern engines, directly benefiting the specific power output and indirectly responsible for improvements in efficiency. It is also essential to compensate for the loss of power brought about by combustion systems that are designed to limit engine emissions. Intake boosting is done by superchargers and turbochargers. By far, the most common method of boosting is by turbocharging, which is the main focus of this chapter, but supercharging and charge air cooling also feature. The principal components of the turbocharger are the compressor and turbine, and their performance parameters and maps are described. The operational characteristics of a turbocharged engine are largely determined by the match between the engine and the turbocharger. The performance characteristics of each component and the ways in which they interact in automotive engines are discussed in detail. From this, the need for boost control devices such as wastegates and variable geometry turbines becomes apparent. Other intake boosting systems, including series turbochargers, turbocompounding, electric assist, and pressure wave superchargers, are also described.